tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-74125233399611716482024-03-13T13:58:04.969-07:00Showyoursketch-animalsadminhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14768363354611659042noreply@blogger.comBlogger27125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7412523339961171648.post-14451390363164790082012-10-27T04:10:00.002-07:002013-02-16T18:14:44.232-08:00What is Anime<b> Anime is an abridgement for the chat animation.</b>
In English, capital concordance sources ascertain anime as "a Japanese appearance of motion-picture animation" or "a appearance of activity developed in Japan". Since anime or animçshon is acclimated to call all forms of animation, Japanimation is acclimated to analyze Japanese assignment from that of the blow of the world.
In added contempo years, anime has additionally frequently been referred to as manga in European countries, a convenance that may axis from the Japanese usage: In Japan, manga can accredit to both activity and comics (although the use of manga to accredit to activity is mostly belted to non-fans).
Anime generally draws access from manga, ablaze novels, and added cultures. Anime can be advertisement on television and is broadly broadcast via any anatomy of media presentations, such as DVD, video and the internet. Anime is sometimes referred to as Japanimation, but this appellation has collapsed into disuse
When it comes to the countries that are alfresco of Japan, the chat is accustomed to best bargain accredit to the activity that originates in Japan.
However, if you biking to the west you will acquisition that the chat anime is not consistently advised as apropos to activity but it is anticipation to be a subset of animation.
Anime is accessible alfresco of Japan in localized form. Anime has additionally been a bartering success in Asia, Europe and Latin America, area anime has become alike added boilerplate than in the United States.
Anime appearance a advanced array of aesthetic styles. There is some anime that is fatigued by duke about there is additionally some that is computer assisted activity which has absolutely became absolute accustomed over the years.
Anime or manga tends to be targeted at boyish or adolescent macho adults. Anime is generally advised a anatomy of bound animation. Back it comes to anime, it is aloof like any added ball average in which the absolute adventure curve are acclimated to absolutely represent the above genres of the absolute fiction.
There are abounding means that you can watch anime because of the actuality that it is broadcasted on television as able-bodied as broadcast on media that is generally accustomed as DVD as able-bodied as VHS and it is additionally included in the video amateur that are played by adults as able-bodied as children.
There is some anime that is alike produced as motion pictures that are abounding length. It is accustomed that anime absolutely draws its access from what are accustomed as manga as able-bodied as ablaze novels and assertive added cultures as well.
There accept additionally been some anime storylines that accept absolutely been acclimatized into what is accustomed as alive activity films as able-bodied as television series.
The absolute history of anime is accustomed to accept amorphous in the absolute alpha of the twentieth century. This was the absolute time that the Japanese filmmakers were experimenting with the techniques of animation. This blazon of activity was additionally at that time actuality experimented with in added countries such as France and Germany as able-bodied as Russia and the United States as well.
As a aftereffect of this assignment and that of added antecedents in the field, anime developed characteristics and genres that are axiological elements of the art today.
Anime became absolute accustomed in Japan because it provided an addition aperture for the art of storytelling. In aciculate adverse back compared to the abortive industry of alive activity that was currently actuality acclimated aural Japan.
In the United States as that time the alive activity industry had a acceptable budget, admitting the country of Japan had a baby bazaar and they additionally suffered from allotment problems as able-bodied as area and not to acknowledgment the restrictions that were placed on the casting.
Anime-influenced activity refers to non-Japanese works of activity that challenge the beheld appearance of anime. Some authorities say that Anime is carefully accompanying to the Japanese comics, alleged manga. Anime additionally tends to borrow abounding elements from manga including argument in the background, and borrowing console layouts from the manga as well.
Many anime alternation got their alpha as accustomed manga. Anime is generally anticipation afflictive and provides an accomplished foundation for adopting important issues with your children. Some anime storylines accept been acclimatized into alive activity films and television series
Anime access assimilate the arena in September of 1963, back NBC amalgamated a dubbed adaptation of the Japanese alternation Astro Boy. Apprentice anime like Gundam and Macross became burning abstract in the 80s, and the apprentice brand of anime is still one of the best heard of in Japan and accepted today.
In the 1980s, anime was accustomed in the boilerplate in Japan, and accomplished a bang in assembly (It should be noticed that, manga has decidedly added boilerplate acknowledgment than anime in Japan). The mid-to-late '90s, on into the 2000s, saw an added accepting of anime in across markets.
There are abounding books accessible that can advice in perfecting the anime animation style. Such books appear complete with advice and instructions on the styles acclimated in anime.
A accepted access is the ample eyes appearance fatigued on abounding anime and manga characters, accustomed to the access of Osamu Tezuka, who was aggressive by the abstract appearance of American animation characters such as Betty Boop and Mickey Mouse and from Disney's Bambi.
Although not all anime accept ample eyes abounding western audiences accessory anime with ample abundant eyes as abounding shounen or boy comics and shoujo adolescent babe comics characterize their characters with ample eyes.
Other stylistic elements are accepted as well; generally in comedic anime, characters that are abashed or afraid will accomplish a "face fault", in which they affectation an acutely abstract expression.
In anime the curve are generally afflicted added from a stylistic attending from brushwork, rather than that of the calligrapher's pen. This is best approved in the anime Karekano.
The anime may additionally be edited to adapt cultural references that may not be accepted by a non-Japanese being and assertive companies may abolish what may be perceived as abhorrent content.
Anime additionally provides a window into addition culture. Anime seems to action absolute finer as a cultural ambassador.
Anime has a committed fan afterward in English speaking countries, decidedly alive on the Internet, and at conventions consistently captivated throughout the US and UK.
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<br />adminhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14768363354611659042noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7412523339961171648.post-45813445873364512212012-09-11T06:09:00.000-07:002012-09-11T06:09:17.359-07:00The Beastly and the Beastly <b> Recent DNA analyses acquire arise that bodies allotment a majority of our abiogenetic architecture with added animals.</b> Physically speaking, our similarities with our adolescent beings far outweigh our differences. In the Western mindset, however, a aciculate band is fatigued amid beastly beings and added animals. Because they do not acquaint in our language, it is thought, we do not acquire abundant in accepted above concrete structure. For Westerners, alone bodies acquire a soul, a advanced ambit of emotions, and the altered capacities of reason, imagination, and the alteration of our ambiance on a admirable calibration to accommodated our needs. Despite the analysis in our thinking, we still acquire affectionate relationships with the animals abutting to us and cannot assume to abide anthropomorphizing them. There are several societies whose apperception of humans' abode in the beastly apple is far altered from ours.<br />
<br />
Although these kinds of acceptance systems are broadly varied, abounding see us as more<br />
closely accompanying to added creatures, both physically and spiritually. Here, I will<br />
examine a few of these non-Western ideologies and analyze their conceptions of<br />
the human-animal accord to anniversary added and to Western ideas.<br />
<br />
Several cultures which authority commonly animistic religious behavior allotment the concept<br />
of a time continued ago during which bodies were animals and carnality versa. In this<br />
"Distant Time," "Dreamtime" or "Mythtime," as it is abnormally referred to, animals<br />
were able to booty beastly form. Best animals, it is believed, already bedevilled human<br />
souls, and some cultures anticipate that they still do, although the boilerplate actuality is now<br />
unable to apperceive them. Folklorist Charles L. Edwards hints that this abstraction may have<br />
evolved out of a anamnesis of a abundant beforehand aeon in the change of the human<br />
species, back the accepted antecedent of both bodies and apes roamed the earth.<br />
This apelike actuality lived no abnormally from the added bloodthirsty mammals who<br />
shared his environment. Some of his baby afterwards began the action of change<br />
and adjustment that would aftermath our species. "In artfulness his foes, instead of<br />
throttling them the deviating elementary man began to accomplish affairs of strategy." As<br />
their anticipation action grew added complex, Edwards argues, aboriginal bodies expanded<br />
their cerebration above their actual ambience and advised the unseen<br />
forces that absolute their world. "[T]hese armament took anatomy in the gods who dwelt<br />
beyond the clouds, and the acceptance of cosmogony and transformation arose." Now,<br />
when bodies acceptance to animistic traditions attending for means of answer the<br />
phenomena about them and of abutting their rituals to the greater processes of<br />
continuing alternate transformation, they anamnesis the time back acceptance were formed,<br />
when bodies were abundant afterpiece to added animals than we are today.<br />
<br />
Edwards connects the abysmal faculty of airy accord with added beings out of<br />
which allegory and acceptance in the abnormal arise to the determinative aeon in the<br />
development of anniversary beastly actuality accepted as childhood. He relates a adventure of his<br />
own adolescence and the time he spent watching all-overs in his backyard, inventing<br />
stories to bout the escapades of "the ant-people." He envisions them as soldiers<br />
engaged in assorted industries at peacetime, but in wartime announcement "remarkable<br />
valor and amazing strategy." This abyss of imagination, which is now the<br />
exclusive area of children, is the abundant arena from which bounce "the miracles<br />
of transformation" and the added faculty of affiliation through the<br />
anthropomorphism of antic storymaking. "So we see in the child, as in primitive<br />
people [sic], the bump of his own fancies built-in of fear, or love, or desire, into<br />
the things about him which afresh become personified."<br />
<br />
For abounding non-Westerners, the rituals associated with storytelling and traditional<br />
practice comprise an addendum and change of childhood, area the admiration and<br />
intimacy in the accustomed apple they accomplished as accouchement develops into a greater<br />
understanding of ourselves and added forms of life. Best Western adults are, on the<br />
surface, all too acquisitive to put adolescence abaft them. Our abysmal anxious to connect<br />
to the added activity association manifests itself in added ways, though, such as our<br />
feelings arise our accompaniment animals.<br />
<br />
The Distant Time acceptance of the Koyukon people, who abide the algid forests of<br />
central Alaska, actualization addition instance of the interrelatedness of bodies and other<br />
animals in a non-Western culture. Already again, the time back human-animal<br />
transformations occurred is apparent as a abstracted actualization in the accumulation of the earth<br />
and cosmos:<br />
<br />
During this age [Distant Time] 'the animals were human'--that is,<br />
they had beastly form, they lived in a beastly society, and they batten human<br />
(Koyukon) language. At some point in the Distant Time assertive bodies died and<br />
were adapted into beastly or bulb beings [...] These abstracted metamorphoses<br />
larboard a antithesis of beastly qualities and personality ancestry in the north-woods<br />
creatures.<br />
<br />
Distant Time acceptance anniversary for accustomed actualization and occurrences, as able-bodied as for the<br />
physical forms and personalities of the animals. The acceptance additionally behest how they<br />
must be treated. Since the animals were already human, the Koyukon believe, they can<br />
understand and are acquainted of beastly actions, words and thoughts. Although the<br />
spirits of some animals are added almighty than others, it is important to amusement all<br />
animals with anniversary because they can anniversary affliction and bad luck for those who do<br />
otherwise. Because Koyukon bodies were no altered from added animals in Distant<br />
Time and because of the acquaintance and adeptness of beastly spirits, it may arise that<br />
they do not acquire of a break amid beastly and beastly realms. However,<br />
the Koyukon acquire that alone bodies acquire a anatomy which is altered from the<br />
animals' spirits. But because they acquire that bodies were created by a human-<br />
animal (the Raven), the acumen is beneath aciculate than in Western cultures. The<br />
similarities amid us and added animals acquire not as abundant from the animal<br />
nature of bodies as from the beastly attributes of animals, accepting been beastly in<br />
Distant Time.<br />
<br />
The about absence of a abuttals amid the beastly and beastly realms figures<br />
widely in the acceptance of the Inuit and Eskimo. Their acceptance of a agnate time long<br />
ago explain the way they see their apple and additionally adviser their traditional<br />
observances, rituals and all-embracing lifestyle, abundant as the Distant Time acceptance do for<br />
the Koyukon. Just as the acceptance anniversary for such things as the actualization of the land,<br />
the cycles of sun, moon and seasons and the bearing of all activity forms, they also<br />
dictate how anniversary actuality is to comedy his or her role in society. Tom Lowenstein<br />
investigates this abnormality amidst the Inuit of Tikigaq Peninsula in<br />
northwestern Alaska in a anapestic book advantaged Age-old Land, Sacred Whale.<br />
For these people, the anniversary bang coursing and the busy affairs for it<br />
reenact a allegorical cycle. The rituals surrounding the bang coursing represent a complex<br />
interplay amid them and the spirit of the whale, whose adeptness is apparent as greater<br />
than that of humans. Their acceptance arrangement comprehends the abutment of many<br />
opposites, including the beastly and animal. "Just as Raven Man had the double<br />
character of bird and human, and the uliuaqtaq [unmarried woman who marries<br />
Raven Man in the story] was a bifold creative/destructive attendance , so the whale<br />
was perceived in agreement of two capital elements: beastly and land." By reenacting the<br />
ages-old ballsy every spring, the Tikigaq Inuit comedy an capital role in befitting the<br />
forces of attributes in balance, thereby ensuring their adaptation and livelihood.<br />
<br />
A axial aspect of the religious traditions of several Eskimo tribes of northeastern<br />
Canada and Greenland is the actuality of the Sea Mother, who is both as a real<br />
creature active on the ocean attic and a spirit residing aural sea creatures (as well<br />
as acreage creatures, according to some tribes). The age-old adventure of her advancing to be<br />
the airy adjudicator of the abysmal apple is agnate above these cultures and it<br />
serves to bind the beastly and beastly worlds together. According to one adaptation of<br />
the story, the Sea Mother (who goes by altered names, Sedna actuality one of the<br />
most recognized) was already a adolescent woman active with her father. She had refused<br />
to marry, but a sea bird bearded as a man succeeds in acceptable her duke and<br />
whisks her above the sea. Her activity with him is miserable, and eventually her father<br />
comes and takes her with him in his boat. The bird-man is furious, so he causes a<br />
windstorm which capsizes the boat. The woman is larboard blind on by her fingertips.<br />
In acrimony and desperation, her ancestor decides to amputate her fingers, anniversary of which<br />
becomes a sea beastly as it drops into the water. Already the aftermost feel is cut, the<br />
woman sinks to the sea floor, area she becomes the Sea Mother, accepting dominion<br />
over the souls of the creatures fabricated from her fingers.<br />
<br />
Since the Eskimo depend on sea creatures for best of their aliment supply, befitting the<br />
Sea Mother blessed is an important aspect of their endeavors. She is apparent as having<br />
control of the souls of abounding creatures, which are able to booty either beastly or<br />
human form, and as a abutment of opposites. Her adeptness is admired as greater than<br />
the beastly because bodies are actually abased on added creatures for survival.<br />
However, she is additionally abominable because of her abnegation to accompany beastly association (which is<br />
indicated by her abnegation to marry) and her affirmation on active in a dream world. The<br />
human/animal abuttals is axial to the Sea Mother's cachet both as an abject<br />
outcast and as a abundant adeptness to be feared and obeyed. The people's lukewarm<br />
relationship with her is apocalyptic of their anniversary for and attempt with the animals<br />
and the accustomed world, with which they charge advance the able antithesis in adjustment to<br />
ensure adaptation and sustainability.<br />
<br />
In "Witches' Transformations into Animals," M. A. Murray investigates an archetype of<br />
human-animal transformation in a Western ambience which took abode amid witches<br />
in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century England and France, as able-bodied as in colonial<br />
New England. These witches agitated on pre-Christian traditions. Anniversary witch's<br />
transformation adeptness was bound to one or two animals, usually a cat or a hare, but<br />
occasionally a dog, mouse, crow, bedrock or bee. Transformation was accomplished<br />
"by actuality invested with the bark of the creature, by the announcement of bewitched words,<br />
the authoritative of bewitched gestures, the cutting of a bewitched article [amulet], or the<br />
performance of bewitched ceremonies." These methods arise as motifs in many<br />
cultures. "Distant Time" acceptance acquaint of bodies acceptable animals by accomplishing any of<br />
these things, and shamans abide this convenance in several places. Another<br />
common acceptance which Murray argues is a aftereffect to zoomorphism is that wounds a<br />
person receives while in the actualization of an beastly abide on the anatomy afterwards a acknowledgment to<br />
the beastly form. Witches saw demography on the anatomy of their accurate breed as a<br />
way of acceptable one with that animal's spirit, as shamans use ritual altar made<br />
of beastly genitalia to acquaint with the spirit world.<br />
<br />
Jean Buxton examines beastly and beastly identities in the acceptable adeptness of the<br />
Mandari bodies of southern Sudan in "Animal Identity and Beastly Peril." For these<br />
people, the concrete area area an beastly lives about to the beastly homestead<br />
and apple determines its cultural and airy status. Like abounding Westerners, the<br />
Mandari draw a aciculate band amid the animals of the home (dogs and other<br />
domesticated animals), the animals of the apple (cattle and added farmed animals),<br />
and animals of the three tiers of the wild, afar according to ambit from the<br />
village.<br />
<br />
Dogs are by far the best important animals, and are the abutting to bodies physically<br />
and emotionally. Mandari acceptance contains acceptance of age-old bodies who had<br />
dogs with horns that were featured in rain rituals. Owners of "horned" dogs had<br />
higher ability than those with "hornless" dogs. The Mandari additionally acquire that<br />
primal dogs could allege and acquaint bodies of approaching danger, and that it was the<br />
dog who accomplished bodies the use of fire, enabling them to become added social<br />
beings. In short, the dog "is represented as bare and liked, and as reciprocating<br />
these attitudes." Beasts additionally acquire an important role because their actualization in<br />
myth, their abiding ties with people, and their bread-and-butter and social<br />
importance. They do not, however, accept a good timethe aforementioned affecting adapter to the<br />
Mandari that dogs have. Although chickens are additionally advised animals of the<br />
homestead, their bifold allocation as "birds of the above" causes them to lack<br />
innate dignity. Therefore, it is permissible to annihilation them with impunity.<br />
<br />
Contrarily, agrarian animals who abide homesteads, admitting categorized as "wild<br />
nature," are generally accustomed amnesty from human-induced abuse because of their<br />
location in the homestead. Just alfresco the apple lies the branch of semi-domestic<br />
and scavenger animals, and added above lies the abode of bold and predator<br />
animals. It is actuality area the band amid beastly and beastly solidifies. While dogs<br />
and beasts are accustomed the "dignity and candor of 'psyche'," bold animals and those<br />
capable of killing bodies are not apparent as admirable of any respect. One notable<br />
exception is the leopard, which is apparent as added "like a person" and is given<br />
elaborate afterlife rites. "Mandari are actually bright about the basal break between<br />
man and animal, and of the actuality that while man is a allotment of the beastly world, an<br />
animal is never a man."<br />
<br />
Although the abstraction of the abuttals amid bodies and animals varies between<br />
cultures, there are few examples of bodies for whom bodies are actually no<br />
different from the added creatures with whom we allotment our world. In the cultures<br />
examined here, the actuality of categorical roles for anniversary species, which are<br />
generally abstruse through acceptance that call how anniversary beastly got its abode in the<br />
living community, defines the way animals are admired and what spiritual<br />
significance they are given. The admirable airheadedness of anniversary about the human/animal<br />
division is apocalyptic of our species' able accord with added species.<br />
The actuality that bodies are about universally apparent as altered may, in some respects,<br />
serve to authorize the character of nonhuman beastly species. Certainly, for non-<br />
Western cultures especially, our exceptionality does not consistently accomplish us the most<br />
powerful or important species. It alone serves to ascertain our abode in the natural<br />
world and, in abounding cases, to deepen our affiliation to added species.<br />
<br />
Malcolm Kenton is a green and full-time apprentice at Guilford College in North Carolina, area he is majoring in Environmental Studies and Political Science. His interests accommodate activism on account of beastly aegis and the environment, politics, computers, music and account and writing. He resides in Greensboro, North Carolina. He was the editor of his aerial s<br />
<br />
<br />
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adminhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14768363354611659042noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7412523339961171648.post-53297566986430021312012-09-07T17:15:00.000-07:002012-09-07T17:15:26.535-07:00Modern American Action <b> This commodity describes the history of action in the United States of America back the backward 80's until the aboriginal twenty-first century</b>. This aeon is generally alleged the renaissance of American animation, during which abounding ample American ball companies ameliorate and brace its action administration afterwards the abatement suffered in the 60, 70 and 80.<br />
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From 1988 to the present<br />
<br />
Disney's return<br />
<br />
In the mid 80's, the American action industry fell into disgrace. Toy commercials masquerading as ball programs cartoons bedeviled the black and the morning of Saturday, and the alone agreement was agitated out by absolute developers. Alike activated films were projected in theaters at times, but the celebrity of the old canicule was gone. Alike the action behemothic Disney, which had fought a accumulated accretion in the 80's, was because abandoning the assembly of activated affection films.<br />
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Both the agog audience, critics, and the animators were taken by abruptness back the long-awaited renaissance of action began in the oldest and best bourgeois corporation, Disney.<br />
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Disney had a desperate change in the 80, its new arch Michael Eisner the aggregation relocated to his feet, abiding to its roots and abating their studies. With abundant fanfare, in 1988 the abstraction formed with Steven Spielberg to aftermath the activated blur Who Framed Roger Rabbit, directed by Robert Zemeckis. The blur was a success, and gave to the action industry accessible advance for that time. Roger Rabbit not alone becoming him a accumulation of money for Disney, but additionally sparked the accepting of the archetypal action that continues to this day. The history of action aback became an article of abstraction (and their fans). Several directors, business legend, such as Chuck Jones and Friz Freleng were aback in the spotlight, actuality acclaimed afterwards decades of actuality around abandoned by audiences and industry professionals.<br />
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Disney connected the success of Who Framed Roger Rabbit? with "The Little Mermaid", the aboriginal of a alternation of activated films that seemed to anamnesis the abracadabra of the aureate age of Walt Disney himself. The flat invested heavily in new technology of computer action for such purposes, but could do super-productions like "Beauty and the Beast" and "Aladdin," which admiring audiences that were not apparent in decades, and Already provided a beheld barbecue that has not been exceeded back the 40. The aiguille of the hit Disney was in 1994 back his blur "The Lion King" exceeded all expectations of the abstraction to become one of the best acknowledged of all time. Alike afterwards Disney films as "Pocahontas," "The Hunchback of Notre Dame", "Hercules," "Mulan" and "Tarzan" was blockbusters.<br />
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Disney has additionally fabricated appropriate into the alone breadth of the activated TV series. With the success of shows like "The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh", "The Adventures of the Gummi Bears Disney" and "Duck adventures", the "new" Disney fabricated his mark in TV pictures. Through affiliation and repetition, Disney can accommodate aerial affection action for TV. A alternation of ample circulation was conducted in mid-nineties, with some critics anecdotic "Gargoyles" as the Disney action activity for TV's best advancing and best done artistically. The soundtracks of anniversary of these activated films were an important allotment of its success, because Disney was including in anniversary of these projects a loud articulation from the apple of music, such as Elton John (The Lion King), Luis Miguel (The Hunchback of Notre Dame), Ricky Martin (Hercules), Christina Aguilera (Mulan), Celine Dion (Beauty and the Beast), Ricardo Montaner (Aladin), Jon Secada (Pocahontas), amid others.<br />
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Spielberg and animation<br />
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Spielberg and Bluth<br />
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While Disney gave new activity to animation, Steven Spielberg was authoritative his own way. Action abecedarian life, Spielberg was additionally absorbed in authoritative aerial affection animation, and formed with his rival, Don Bluth action ambassador to aftermath "Fievel and the New World." The box appointment success of this and Bluth's abutting film, "In The Land", Hollywood fabricated him apprehend that Disney did not authority a cartel on activated features. The added Hollywood studios resumed assembly of its own activated features, but still falling into the allurement of aggravating to imitate Disney's 1997 blur Don Bluth, "Anastasia", produced by Fox, is mentioned as the one launched the Fox Action Studios and Disney's rival, however, these studies bootless to accomplish afterwards "Anastasia" and bankrupt in 1999. Like best acknowledged productions of Disney, "Anastasia" was abounding by Thalia, who played the axial affair of the soundtrack in its versions in Spanish, English and Portuguese.<br />
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Spielberg and Warner Bros.<br />
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Spielberg, meanwhile, switched to TV and formed with action flat Warner Bros. to aftermath "The Tiny Toon Adventures," a aerial affection activated alternation that paid admiration to the abundant cartoons of Termite Terrace. "The Tiny Toon Adventures" had a acceptable appraisement acknowledgment to its boyish viewers, which advancing the Warner Bros to disclose his dying action flat and already afresh a adversary in the acreage of animation. The Tiny Toon Steven Spielberg were connected by presenting "Animaniacs" and "Pinky and the Brain". The closing not alone admiring new admirers to Warner Bros., but additionally captured the absorption of admirers adolescents and adults.<br />
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Bakshi's return<br />
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Ralph Bakshi, administrator of avant-garde activated films like "Fritz the Cat" and aboriginal "Lord of the Rings", alternate to action afterwards authoritative a abrupt stop in the mid 80's. In 1985, he teamed up with the boyish Canadian animator John Kricfalusi and the allegorical British bandage "The Rolling Stones" to accomplish an activated music video for "The Harlem Shuffle", which was completed in aboriginal 1986. Although the music video did not allocution much, he congenital a assembly aggregation "Bakshi Animation" activity connected with the brief but able-bodied received, "The New Adventures of Mighty Mouse." Bakshi & Co, formed on abundant projects at the end of the 80, but the better activity was "Cool World: a albino amid two worlds", which premiered in 1992. The assembly got out of duke and concluded up actuality acutely criticized and abandoned by about everyone.<br />
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Outsourcing animation<br />
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The capital acumen for accretion the affection of American action is the adeptness to outsource the abundant appropriation to cheaper action houses in the South and Southeast Asia accepting a ample cardinal of frames at low cost. The script, actualization architecture and storyboarding is done in American offices. The storyboard, models and blush books are mailed abroad. Sometimes causes problems because no final artefact can be completed until the frames are mailed to the U.S.. Although budgets accept been reduced, adopted productions houses are alleged per episode, or alike per scene, depending on the bulk of money accessible at that time. As a aftereffect there is a big aberration in affection from one adventure to another. This is decidedly axiomatic in shows like "Gargoyles" and "Batman": The Activated Alternation where, sometimes, the characters assume absolutely altered from one adventure to the agitation of its directors.<br />
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Adult Animation<br />
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The Simpsons<br />
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In the 90's came a new beachcomber of activated alternation whose primary aim was the adults, afterwards an absence in the brand over a decade. In 1989, "The Simpsons," an activated abbreviate based on the "The Tracey Ullman Show," became the aboriginal activated alternation in prime time back "The Flintstones" and captivated a ample allotment of the audience. It was the aboriginal hit alternation for the apprentice Fox, acquired little sensitivity, entering accepted ability and accepting advanced acceptance. In 2008, "The Simpsons" assume to actualization no signs of stopping, and could beat "Gunsmoke" as the fiction affairs on the air best the history of American television. In 2007 accept appear their aboriginal film, blue-blooded "The Simpsons: The Movie", dubbed in Spanish and Chinese.<br />
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Ren and Stimpy<br />
<br />
In 1991, Nickelodeon premiered "The Ren and Stimpy Show," "Ren and Stimpy" was a arbitrary alternation run anarchism abandoned all the acceptable restrictions of actual assets of Saturday morning and instead advantaged the arbitrary actualization of the abbreviate the aureate era. Moreover, the alternation creator, John Kricfalusi, who had formed as an animator during the abatement of Saturday morning, was abundant afflicted by the archetypal works of Bob Clampett.<br />
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Spike & Mike<br />
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Alongside boilerplate action nineties there was a aberrant and alpha movement. In a abbreviate action anniversary in 1989, organized by Craig Decker and Mike Gribble Spike (known as "Spike & Mike") and originally amid in San Diego. It all started with the representation of a accumulating of contemporary short, accepted as the Archetypal Anniversary of Animation, in places of business affairs and barter throughout the country.<br />
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The collections were fabricated mostly by Oscar-nominated short, works of acceptance of the Institute of the Arts in California and alpha assignment of the National Blur Board of Canada. The aboriginal anniversary included works by John Lasseter, Nick Park and Mike Judge. Judge's work, "Frog Baseball" apparent the aboriginal actualization of their authorization characters Beavis and Butthead.<br />
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However, the anniversary gradually became a blur affairs alleged Spike and Mike's Sick and Twisted Anniversary of Action and angry into an underground movement of developed amusement and accountable matter.<br />
<br />
Adult Swim<br />
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In 1994, Action Network gave accord to a new alternation alleged "Space Ghost" bank to bank with a accurate postmodern turn, showed alive interviews with celebrities, alloyed with action animations aboriginal "Space Ghost." The alternation fabricated the bound with the assembly of Hanna-Barbera, now endemic by Action Network. It was the alpha of a accepted convenance acclimated old Hanna-Barbera characters for new productions, as the surreal "Underwater Laboratory 2021", based on the action abbreviate aboriginal 70's "Sealab 2020." Also, Harvey Birdman, attorney, on a characterless superhero, Birdman which was originally the brilliant of Birdman and Galaxy leash had become a lawyer. Its customers, like abounding of the characters in the series, came absolutely from old Hanna-Barbera characters.<br />
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In accession to ample action files old and cheap, absolute animators additionally began to account from new agenda technologies. An artisan with acceptable abstruse abilities could analyze new styles and forms with abundant added freedom. The acceptable action abilities of action and painting had accustomed way to agenda abetment and advancing use new techniques of animation.<br />
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Along with these new programs, the American audience, decidedly in geographic areas afflicted by admixture with the cultures of the Pacific coast, began to accept Japanese cartoon, or anime, 80. This growing bazaar for anime videos amuse the accessible boyish and adolescent, with a ample cardinal of Japanese alternation translated into English. Initially admission was bound to videos, but the anime as it became a boilerplate begin its way into the blur administration food throughout the U.S.. As the action occupies a altered abode in Japanese culture, including a ambit of issues not addressed by the American animation.<br />
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"Adult Swim" is a block of action for adults that is issued at the alpha of primetime on Action Network, leads the developed industry and has the latest technology in animation. Developed Swim, which originally aired on Sunday night in 2006 was in the air until 5:00 AM, and was advertisement every night except Friday. The series, which is produced alone for Developed Swim, as "The Brak Show," "Aqua Teen Hunger Force" and "Tom Goes to the Mayor", tend to be surreal and bizarre, but additionally advised beginning and original. Developed Swim reissued alternation "Futurama" and played an important role to abstain the abandoning of "Family Guy". In addition, it additionally issues abundant accepted Anime alternation such as "FLCL", "Lupin III" and "Inuyasha."<br />
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Other assets for adults<br />
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Other TV stations additionally experimented with action for adults. MTV has produced several activated alternation abnormally for boyish and developed audiences, "Liquid Television" and "Beavis and Butthead". Alike USA Network affairs begin a band afterward with his "Duckman show". But the developed activated alternation of the 90 best acknowledged was "South Park" which premiered in 1996 as a action charlatan on the Internet.<br />
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The added fast-paced action and awfully artful saw the light, the added ascendant force in television action was, led to an more corybantic area and conceivably eschatological, for archetype in "The Tick and Duckman."<br />
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In 2005, developed action avant-garde Ralph Bakshi said he would assignment on accession film, "The Last Canicule of Coney Island" which he would accounts and aftermath independently.<br />
<br />
The abatement of the Saturday Morning<br />
<br />
After spending about a blackout for over two decades, the American action industry accomplished a abrupt advance in the 90. Several new studies appeared agog to booty risks, and begin a ample cardinal of markets to advertise their talent. Along with the activated TV series, the action acclimated in television commercials, video amateur and music videos. The baby action studios challenged "Hanna-Barbera Productions" in the bazaar for TV animation.<br />
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In fact, Hanna-Barbera could not attempt with the new varieties of action on the market. During the time that bedeviled the absolute spectrum of pictures of the Saturday morning Hanna-Barbera had around no competition, causing a abasement in the affection of its series. In the 90's, the abstraction could alone action absurd as "A Pup Named Scooby-Doo" and "Tom and Jerry Kids Show" to attempt with "Fox Kids" and the new "WB Television Network" from Warner Bros. Hanna-Barbera backward abaft and begin himself absolutely bought by Turner Broadcasting.<br />
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Hanna-Barbera not alone had problems adapting to the changes that are advance all over the TV. The "Big Three" networks (ABC, NBC and CBS) begin its loyal admirers actuality breakable by antagonism from new channels, including new strains of "Cable TV" as Nickelodeon, Disney Channel and Action Network. Video amateur and movies accessible on video additionally helped change the market, to the point that for a time gave NBC cartoons altogether. The ABC was bought by Disney, and Disney angry the barbecue on Saturday in a alternation of Disney activated productions.<br />
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While the alternation activated in ample networks seemed mediocre, the cable television action accomplished several successes. Nickelodeon did see ablaze band hits like "Doug," "Rugrats," "Ren and Stimpy," "Rocko's Modern Life," "SpongeBob," "Invader Zim" and "The Fairly OddParents." Meanwhile, a new buyer of Hanna-Barbera, Time Warner, the abstraction focused on the conception of new assets for the Action Network. Hanna-Barbera was an arrival of beginning claret and a new bearing of assets of Hanna-Barbera action was built-in as "Dexter's Laboratory," "Johnny Bravo", "Cow and Chicken", "Powerpuff Girls" and " Courage the Cowardly Dog. "<br />
<br />
Still, anniversary new allotment of action was not a gold mine. The Disney activated films began to ache in affection to backward 1990, afterwards the ambassador Jeff Katzenbe<br />
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<img alt="Modern American Animation" src="http://www.cartoonbrew.com/wp-content/uploads/5bffdfad6dd98efebb4105bada1c396d.jpg" title="Modern American Animation" />adminhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14768363354611659042noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7412523339961171648.post-17677978810046388132012-08-23T07:50:00.000-07:002012-08-23T07:50:43.126-07:00No Animals Were Afflicted - All About Beastly Actors <b> ANIMAL ACTORS: Interview with Sandi Buck, American Humane, Certified Beastly Assurance Representative</b><br />
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<br />
Q: What is the American Accommodating Blur & TV Unit?<br />
<br />
A: American Accommodating (AH) Blur & TV Unit is based in Los Angeles and we adviser the use of animals in media. American Accommodating is a civic alignment with abode based in Denver, Colorado. I'm one of the Certified Beastly Assurance Representatives who go on set and adviser the use of animals in blur and television. We accolade the "No Animals Were Harmed® in the Making of this Movie" abnegation apparent at the end of the credits in a movie.<br />
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Q: How did the American Blur & TV Unit start?<br />
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A: Aback in 1926, AH set up a board to investigate abuses of animals in the cine industry. At that time, horses were the best at-risk beastly actors. But, then, as now, animals accept no inherent acknowledged rights, so we couldn't allotment the assurance of the beastly actors. In 1939, for the blur "Jesse James," a horse and addition were beatific casting over a 70-foot bluff into a angry river for an activity shot. The stuntman was fine, but the horse's aback was burst in the abatement and it died. Outrage over this sparked a new accord amid AH and some motion account admiral and producers and acquired the Hays Appointment to accommodate accommodating analysis of animals in the Motion Account Code. The afterward year, AH acclimatized allotment to adviser the assembly of movies application animals. We formed on set for absolutely a while afterwards that until the Hays Appointment was disbanded in 1966, catastrophe our administration and excluding us from sets. This was a appealing afflictive time for beastly actors who were actuality acclimated in some barbarous ways. Then, in the aboriginal 1980s, addition adventure acquired addition accessible clamor and American Accommodating was added to the acceding with SAG that allowable that abutment films acquaintance us if they were application animals. This acceding now includes any filmed media form, including television, commercials, direct-to-video projects, and music videos. A added abundant history is on our website. Appropriate now, we adviser about 900 films a year, maybe more. That's not counting commercials.<br />
<br />
Q: Did you say beastly actors no accept acknowledged rights?<br />
<br />
A: That's correct. Animals accept no "legal" rights in the faculty that bodies have. But because of our SAG agreement, beastly actors in SAG films accept "contractual" rights because the AH appointment charge be contacted by productions application animals and an AH Blur & TV Unit adumbrative be on set during the filming.<br />
<br />
Q: What about nonunion productions?<br />
<br />
A: Nonunion productions are not contractually apprenticed to acquaintance us, but we acquisition that a lot of bodies demand us there anyway. I've formed with several productions that say - "We demand you here. We demand that appraisement at the end of our blur and we demand bodies to apperceive what we had you on set."<br />
<br />
Q: So bodies on set are blessed to see you?<br />
<br />
A: Generally yes, but sometimes no. Actors consistently adulation seeing us there. They attending at the AH patches on my anorak and appear up to me consistently on set and say - "Oh, you're actuality for the animals. That's so great, I'm so blessed you're here." That's what we want. We demand bodies to attending for us, to apperceive we're there, and why we're there. As for production, it depends on their acumen of us and if they've formed with us in the past. Bodies we've formed with afore adulation accepting us there. The ones who haven't formed with us afore sometimes anticipate "oh, no, actuality comes the beastly badge to convoying us," like I'm activity to angle there with my easily on my achievement cogent them what they can and can't do. It's not like that. We're not there to criticize. We're there to assignment with filmmakers, not adjoin them. If we see a problem, we'll abode it and assignment it out together. In Florida, for instance, one of the big apropos is heat. During one production, the ambassador capital a dog to airing aback and alternating beyond the pavement. I told the administrator there was a botheration with this. I already knew he didn't like accepting me on set, but I told him anyway, "You booty off your shoes and airing beyond that street." He went out to the street, put his duke on the pavement, and said - "Yeah, you're right." He wasn't aggravating to abuse the animal, he aloof wasn't cerebration about the animal, the heat, and the pavement. That's allotment of the acumen we're on set. We don't apprehend filmmakers to additionally be beastly experts. Alike producers who alone don't affliction about animals usually apprehend it makes faculty for them to accept us there. Abounding bodies say they won't watch a cine in which they anticipate or accept heard that an beastly was afflicted or killed. Bodies attending for the AH abnegation at the end of movies adage - "No Animals Were Harmed® in the Making of this Film."<br />
<br />
Q: How do filmmakers get a "No Harm" abnegation for their movies?<br />
<br />
A: The activity starts aback assembly contacts our Los Angeles appointment to let us apperceive that they plan to use animals. We absolute them to our Guidelines which are accessible on the internet and we appeal their script. We analysis the calligraphy and align to appear in and beam the beastly activity to ensure that the altitude in which the animals are alive and kept is safe and comfortable. This doesn't amount the abutment assembly annihilation - that's allotment of the adjustment with the SAG office.<br />
<br />
Q: What about nonunion productions? Can they get this "No Animals were Harmed®" disclaimer?<br />
<br />
A: The activity to get the abnegation is the same, alone there's a $30 an hour fee for the hours we're on set. The time we absorb in pre-production calligraphy appraisal and again screening the films and autograph up reviews is included in that $30 an hour on set fee.<br />
<br />
Q: Can apprentice and absolute filmmakers get your disclaimer?<br />
<br />
A: Definitely, if they accommodated the guidelines for it. If they accept questions, all they charge to do is alarm our LA appointment and ask. Our LA appointment is blessed to admonition adolescent and ambitious filmmakers with admonition and admonition on cautiously application animals in their films. If they're in the activity of autograph a script, they can alarm us and ask if assertive scenes are achievable and for admonition on how to get the scenes and activity they want. Productions who can't get an AH adumbrative on set because of amount or scheduling conflicts can address bottomward what it is they plan to do, certificate the filming of the beastly activity with a little video, a abaft the scenes - this is how we did it, affectionate of affair - and accelerate it in. We analysis it and admitting we can't say we were absolutely there, we can say that through our review, it looks like the assembly followed the Guidelines. That appraisement is called: "Not Monitored: Assembly Compliant."<br />
<br />
Q: How abounding ratings are there?<br />
<br />
A: We accept several ratings which ambit from our accomplished "Monitored: Outstanding" and accepting the "No Animals Were Harmed"® abnegation which appears in the end credits of the film, to "Not Monitored," to our everyman appraisement which is "Monitored Unacceptable" - breadth our guidelines and beastly assurance were abandoned and or apathy acquired the abrasion or afterlife of an animal. Striving for a acceptable appraisement helps ensure that the assembly will go well. If a assembly is bisected way through cutting and an beastly that is key to the cine gets abashed and gets apart or injured, it's like accident a advance beastly actor. What's the ambassador activity to do? Re-shoot the beastly scenes with addition beastly actor? Rewrite the script? Scrap the movie? Able trainers accept several altered dogs with altered talents that attending alike. One's a absolutely acceptable barking dog, one's a absolutely acceptable jumping dog, addition does article else. That helps in the accident one dog gets ailing or injured, it won't arrest filming. A lot of the affliction scenarios can be abhorred with planning. I attending for abeyant problems and to accumulate aggregate as safe as accessible for everyone. There can consistently be accidents, there's no way to anticipate that. That happens in life. You can assignment to accomplish things as safe as possible, but there can still be accidents. We accept that. The basal band is at that any time filmmakers plan to use animals, alike their own pets, they should acquaintance our LA office.<br />
<br />
Whether or not one of us comes out to your set, they should accredit to our Guidelines For the Safe Use of Animals in Filmed Media so they apperceive what they charge to adapt for, to say to themselves - this is what I charge to adapt for if I'm activity to use an beastly on my production. Am I able to do what I charge to do to accomplish abiding that aggregate is safe for my animal? Accepting us complex allowances the assembly in that if there's anytime any catechism as to how a achievement was done the filmmaker can say - alarm AH. Filmmakers with the acceptability of abusing animals for the account of bearing a blur or bartering won't get assassin and bodies won't demand to watch their movies. We are the alone alignment acclimatized to accomplish and advocate these standards and bodies attending for it. Aback bodies see animals in films, they attending to see that no animals were harmed. If they accept any questions on how things were done, they can go to our website and apprehend about it. They can see that this achievement that looks absolutely abhorrent was absolutely done with computer graphics, a absolute beastly wasn't alike involved.<br />
<br />
Q: Are claimed pets acclimatized to be in movies?<br />
<br />
A: Our Guidelines acclaim that filmmakers use able beastly actors acquired through trainers, but we apperceive that filmmakers, abnormally baby absolute and apprentice filmmakers are activity to use their own pets or the pets of accompany and ancestors in their movies. We accept that, that's a absoluteness in this business. But alike if it's no added than filming their own pet cat or dog sitting in a armchair or walking beyond the room, filmmakers should get in the addiction of contacting our office. Aback producers accept dogs, for instance, they should attending for dogs with approachable personalities, dogs that aren't abashed of people. Abhorrence can account a disaster. The dog can chaw addition out of abhorrence if they get in a bearings in which they're not comfortable. If added than one dog is to be acclimated on set, the dogs should be acclimated to actuality about added dogs. If one dog shows assailment against addition dog on set, the advancing dog charge be removed. Dogs that alive calm and are acclimatized to actuality with anniversary added are acceptable choices.<br />
<br />
Q: You mentioned apprenticeship as actuality allotment of the ambition of AH. Would you allocution some about that?<br />
<br />
A: We'd like to assignment added with blur schools developing programs breadth as allotment of the curriculum, acceptance booty a advance or appear a academy captivated by an AH adumbrative about application animals in film. If the academy can't put us into their affairs yet, aloof accepting our Guidelines accessible at the academy or broadcast to acceptance will admonition brainwash them. The beforehand we ability the students, the better. These filmmakers will abound in their careers and will eventually be complex in ample productions breadth they ability end up alive on films with ample animals. That's the point breadth you absolutely affliction about safety, so the beforehand we can brainwash students, the better.<br />
<br />
Q: What can you admonish acceptance or ambitious filmmakers absent to use pets? Your Guidelines can attending daunting.<br />
<br />
A: If filmmakers accept to use a pet instead of accomplished animal, we accept no ascendancy over that but we still acclaim they analysis and attach to our Guidelines. If the Guidelines assume overwhelming, alarm our LA appointment with questions, say - "All I demand is for my dog to sit in a armchair or airing beyond the allowance while we're accomplishing our filming, what are the guidelines?" Best of it is aloof accepted sense. Apperceive that the beastly you're application is affable and absolutely safe to be about bodies and added animals. You don't demand an beastly on set that's aggressive, skittish, or snaps. Anticipate about what you're activity to do with this beastly while you're ambience up shots. How abounding times do you absolutely charge the absolute animal? Can you use a blimp beastly if there's any affair about application a absolute animal? You don't demand a absolute dog sitting beneath hot lights while you're ambience up. Go to a toy abundance and get a stuffie look-alike of whatever beastly you're using. Accomplish abiding the beastly won't be in the way of a affective barrow and that she won't be in breadth in which she can get stepped on. Aback she's not actuality acclimated on set accept a acceptable abode for her to adhere out, that she's not active about loose. There needs to be a safe breadth like a crate or abstracted allowance for the animal. Accomplish abiding the pet has break and gets to lie bottomward and blow or get article to eat and drink. If the pet isn't kept in a crate, accomplish abiding it's on a accouter or bridle so that should she get abashed by a loud babble or quick movement, she can't jump bottomward and run away. Plan advanced and adapt for all accessible scenarios. That's critical. If an beastly won't do what you want, what are your options? Accept aback up plans. How far should you go to try to get an beastly to do something? If the beastly won't or can't do what you demand him to do, banishment him is agreeable disaster. Alike if the beastly commonly does something, an beastly is an animal. You can never adumbrate what it's activity to do or not do. It's like alive with a child. The ambassador has to be prepared.<br />
<br />
Q: Who is amenable for the assurance of a pet during filming?<br />
<br />
A: The ultimate albatross lies with the owners as they will ache the affliction and affliction if article happens to their pet. I acclaim that pets not be anesthetized about to bodies on set to comedy with. That can be overstimulating to animals, and if they're all excited, they may not be able to accomplish the activity you demand them to perform. Abounding trainers accomplish a accepted advertisement on set - don't blow animals while they're working. Obviously, with the exotics, bodies are appealing acceptable about allurement afore affecting them but a lot of times, with dogs and cats, bodies aloof airing up and pet them after asking.<br />
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Q: Does AH accept a botheration with assertive activity shots?<br />
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A: If filmmakers admiration if a assertive activity attempt can be acquired safely, alarm and ask us. If a filmmaker wants a dog to run off the end of the berth and jump into a basin to get an agitative shot, they should accomplish the accessible choice. Pick a Labrador Retriever who loves to bathe and run and jump off the berth and has absolutely accomplished this. They shouldn't accept a little Chihuahua that's never been in the water.<br />
<br />
Q: How did you get into the field?<br />
<br />
A: I grew up in Michigan in a actual animal-oriented family. We had the abode with the airy accoutrement assurance blind on the advanced of it - animals could see the sign, but we couldn't. Animals consistently showed up at our aperture and bodies dumped their puppies and kittens off in our barn. We had dogs, cats, horses, guinea pigs, and hamsters, and aloof about aggregate else. As a teenager, I aloft and accomplished a alive Seeing Eye dog. Afterwards that, I aloft a admirable Doberman for obedience. Afterwards college, I approved a few careers, but didn't absolutely affliction for any of them. In the aboriginal 1990s, I confused to Key West, Florida. That was about the time the alternation "Key West" with Fisher Stevens and Jennifer Tilly was being<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi077HTU2qglMpJSljrhHIGVx-XD12wOmVfZiVIK31vgvbRIQ3vljWBVf7pbR-ip1o2n9TAmFBr8RqUDZjNUHxhb7Q69yKLXBjnLC6AmOlLTdSPP5ysp-Y1vt0c4nC1MWXY3IKY-WUTTz8/s1600/Amazing+picture-great_white_shark_4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi077HTU2qglMpJSljrhHIGVx-XD12wOmVfZiVIK31vgvbRIQ3vljWBVf7pbR-ip1o2n9TAmFBr8RqUDZjNUHxhb7Q69yKLXBjnLC6AmOlLTdSPP5ysp-Y1vt0c4nC1MWXY3IKY-WUTTz8/s1600/Amazing+picture-great_white_shark_4.jpg" /></a></div>adminhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14768363354611659042noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7412523339961171648.post-60291171558545945452012-08-19T21:09:00.000-07:002012-08-19T21:09:04.679-07:00What is Anime<b> Anime is an abridgement for the chat animation.</b><br />
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In English, capital concordance sources ascertain anime as "a Japanese appearance of motion-picture animation" or "a appearance of activity developed in Japan". Since anime or animçshon is acclimated to call all forms of animation, Japanimation is acclimated to analyze Japanese assignment from that of the blow of the world.<br />
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In added contempo years, anime has additionally frequently been referred to as manga in European countries, a convenance that may axis from the Japanese usage: In Japan, manga can accredit to both activity and comics (although the use of manga to accredit to activity is mostly belted to non-fans).<br />
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Anime generally draws access from manga, ablaze novels, and added cultures. Anime can be advertisement on television and is broadly broadcast via any anatomy of media presentations, such as DVD, video and the internet. Anime is sometimes referred to as Japanimation, but this appellation has collapsed into disuse<br />
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When it comes to the countries that are alfresco of Japan, the chat is accustomed to best bargain accredit to the activity that originates in Japan.<br />
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However, if you biking to the west you will acquisition that the chat anime is not consistently advised as apropos to activity but it is anticipation to be a subset of animation.<br />
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Anime is accessible alfresco of Japan in localized form. Anime has additionally been a bartering success in Asia, Europe and Latin America, area anime has become alike added boilerplate than in the United States.<br />
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Anime appearance a advanced array of aesthetic styles. There is some anime that is fatigued by duke about there is additionally some that is computer assisted activity which has absolutely became absolute accustomed over the years.<br />
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Anime or manga tends to be targeted at boyish or adolescent macho adults. Anime is generally advised a anatomy of bound animation. Back it comes to anime, it is aloof like any added ball average in which the absolute adventure curve are acclimated to absolutely represent the above genres of the absolute fiction.<br />
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There are abounding means that you can watch anime because of the actuality that it is broadcasted on television as able-bodied as broadcast on media that is generally accustomed as DVD as able-bodied as VHS and it is additionally included in the video amateur that are played by adults as able-bodied as children.<br />
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There is some anime that is alike produced as motion pictures that are abounding length. It is accustomed that anime absolutely draws its access from what are accustomed as manga as able-bodied as ablaze novels and assertive added cultures as well.<br />
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There accept additionally been some anime storylines that accept absolutely been acclimatized into what is accustomed as alive activity films as able-bodied as television series.<br />
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The absolute history of anime is accustomed to accept amorphous in the absolute alpha of the twentieth century. This was the absolute time that the Japanese filmmakers were experimenting with the techniques of animation. This blazon of activity was additionally at that time actuality experimented with in added countries such as France and Germany as able-bodied as Russia and the United States as well.<br />
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As a aftereffect of this assignment and that of added antecedents in the field, anime developed characteristics and genres that are axiological elements of the art today.<br />
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Anime became absolute accustomed in Japan because it provided an addition aperture for the art of storytelling. In aciculate adverse back compared to the abortive industry of alive activity that was currently actuality acclimated aural Japan.<br />
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In the United States as that time the alive activity industry had a acceptable budget, admitting the country of Japan had a baby bazaar and they additionally suffered from allotment problems as able-bodied as area and not to acknowledgment the restrictions that were placed on the casting.<br />
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Anime-influenced activity refers to non-Japanese works of activity that challenge the beheld appearance of anime. Some authorities say that Anime is carefully accompanying to the Japanese comics, alleged manga. Anime additionally tends to borrow abounding elements from manga including argument in the background, and borrowing console layouts from the manga as well.<br />
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Many anime alternation got their alpha as accustomed manga. Anime is generally anticipation afflictive and provides an accomplished foundation for adopting important issues with your children. Some anime storylines accept been acclimatized into alive activity films and television series<br />
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Anime access assimilate the arena in September of 1963, back NBC amalgamated a dubbed adaptation of the Japanese alternation Astro Boy. Apprentice anime like Gundam and Macross became burning abstract in the 80s, and the apprentice brand of anime is still one of the best heard of in Japan and accepted today.<br />
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In the 1980s, anime was accustomed in the boilerplate in Japan, and accomplished a bang in assembly (It should be noticed that, manga has decidedly added boilerplate acknowledgment than anime in Japan). The mid-to-late '90s, on into the 2000s, saw an added accepting of anime in across markets.<br />
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There are abounding books accessible that can advice in perfecting the anime animation style. Such books appear complete with advice and instructions on the styles acclimated in anime.<br />
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A accepted access is the ample eyes appearance fatigued on abounding anime and manga characters, accustomed to the access of Osamu Tezuka, who was aggressive by the abstract appearance of American animation characters such as Betty Boop and Mickey Mouse and from Disney's Bambi.<br />
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Although not all anime accept ample eyes abounding western audiences accessory anime with ample abundant eyes as abounding shounen or boy comics and shoujo adolescent babe comics characterize their characters with ample eyes.<br />
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Other stylistic elements are accepted as well; generally in comedic anime, characters that are abashed or afraid will accomplish a "face fault", in which they affectation an acutely abstract expression.<br />
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In anime the curve are generally afflicted added from a stylistic attending from brushwork, rather than that of the calligrapher's pen. This is best approved in the anime Karekano.<br />
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The anime may additionally be edited to adapt cultural references that may not be accepted by a non-Japanese being and assertive companies may abolish what may be perceived as abhorrent content.<br />
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Anime additionally provides a window into addition culture. Anime seems to action absolute finer as a cultural ambassador.<br />
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Anime has a committed fan afterward in English speaking countries, decidedly alive on the Internet, and at conventions consistently captivated throughout the US and UK.<br />
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Misconception #1 - "An action can appearance whatever the animator wants" <br />
Perhaps it is the actuality that so abundant of what we see on television and in films is adapted with conscientious appropriate furnishings that we tend to accessory annihilation with 3D decision with added than a adumbration of skepticism. Ironically, abundant of the aforementioned software acclimated to breathing films such as "Spiderman" or "Lord of the rings" is additionally beneath accepted to be acclimated in authentic visualization, analysis and argumentative animations. Bodies may accessory the actuality that an accomplished appropriate furnishings animator is able of creating surreal, yet astute attractive effects. Therefore, it allegation not be accurate.<br />
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The greatest aberration amid a argumentative action and aloof any added blazon of action is the "forensic" part. This implies that there is a ample accomplishment in compassionate the capacity of what is actuality activated and that there is a ample accent ensuring a aerial akin of accuracy. An animator can absorb added than 70% of his time on activities accompanying to the analysis of abstracts and ensuring accurateness in the animation.<br />
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An accomplished and able argumentative animator would acquaint you that a ample accomplishment goes into architecture and blockage anniversary footfall of the action action to the absolute and authentic dimensions. In fact, absolute little is larboard to the acuteness aback best recreations are based on authentic abstracts about provided by the able witness. A simple archetype is the area abstracts of a authentic scene. This can be acquired by agency of a absolute base forth with the positions of important appearance such as signs, cartage lights, bits or annoy marks on the roadway.<br />
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Even the action and motion of altar in a 3D amusement is about based on admonition or abstracts provided by the able witness. This abstracts is generally acquired through authentic calculations or through the use of simulation software. In the case of simulation software, the abstracts can be anon adapted or alien anon into the 3D action software, abrogation little allowance for error. <br />
There may be cases area the argumentative animator is provided with beneath than ideal information, however, alike in these attenuate instances, an accomplished argumentative animator will accept abundant adeptness to ensure that the basal rules of geometry and physics (i.e. motion) are activated and adhered to.<br />
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Misconception #2 - "Animations are difficult to accept in a cloister of law" <br />
Somewhere forth the way, there accept been animations which were so ailing complete or erroneous they artlessly could not accept been acclimatized in court. It would assume that these cases tend to stick in the minds of litigators and annual abhorrence for approaching use of what is a altogether adequate and able use of technology.<br />
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Normally, it is an amateur animator or advocate which does not chase some of the basal rules of affectionate evidence. <br />
Some key credibility to accede aback because a argumentative action are:<br />
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1. The action needs to abutment the affidavit of the able attestant and should be advised an addendum of the witness' report. The able attestant should be anon circuitous in acceptance and reviewing the animation.<br />
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2. Disclose the action able-bodied in beforehand of the balloon date. Affirmation needs to be appear in a appropriate address and the adversary requires time to cantankerous appraise the evidence.<br />
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3. The action adequately and accurately conveys the abstracts or bulk that it purports to aback or depict. The action should not be prejudicial in that it outweighs the probative value.<br />
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4. The action should be relevant.<br />
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5. The argumentative animator should be able to affirm that the works created are based on complete technology, action and algorithms such that the final works are a absorption of the able witness' opinion.<br />
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There are, of course, abounding added factors to accede which may be case dependent. Added abstracts and references are accessible for analysis including a cardboard advantaged "The Admissibility of Affectionate Affirmation in Jury Trials:" Written by Barbara Legate of Legate and Associates and accessible at the AI2 forums (www.ai2-3d.com/Forums).<br />
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Today, best argumentative animations are accepted into cloister aback there are greater considerations and background taken into annual to ensure the accuracy, authority and affection of the animations. By allotment an accomplished argumentative animator and by adhering to the rules of affectionate evidence, the risks associated with inadmissibility are abundantly reduced.<br />
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Misconception #3 - "Animation and Simulation are the aforementioned thing" <br />
There are two audible agency to advance an action and although the end aftereffect may try to accomplish the aforementioned thing, they are fundamentally altered in the agency by which they are created.<br />
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A simulation is about the achievement of a affairs which is operated by a able blow reconstructionist. The affairs has a set of key behaviours (i.e. algebraic equations) which ascertain the movement of altar aback acclimatized a set of accepted parameters. It is up to the blow reconstructionist to ascertain all the ascribe variables and ensure they are accurate. Once this is complete, the affairs is accomplished to annual all the positions of altar through some specific time.<br />
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The simulation software may additionally achievement the motion of altar in the anatomy of exportable tabularized abstracts and/or animation. However, best manufacturers of simulation based software programs accept not been able to accomplish the aforementioned akin of accurateness as best animators are able to do with 3D decision software. There may be a cardinal of affidavit to this which accord with added complicating already circuitous software or that conceivably the time spent on development is in the mathematics abaft the simulation software and not primarily in the decision or presentation of the data.<br />
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Another important affair which is accepted with simulation software is the authority of the abstracts available. The old adage "garbage in, debris out" is applicable. Aback a simulation would about be acclimated as absolute evidence, it can get difficult to prove article is authentic after accepting solid abstracts to aback the action up.<br />
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Animation <br />
Demonstrative Affirmation - illustrates how article works or how article happened based on the affidavit of the able or eye witness. The animator, not the software is amenable for accurately affective and accession altar over time. <br />
Does not try to prove anything, but aloof facilitates the annual or affidavit of a witness.<br />
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Simulation <br />
Substantive Affirmation - Takes absolute dynamics and physics into account. The altar are not activated by "hand", but by software based on affected inputs or data. <br />
Tries to prove that article may accept occurred a assertive way. <br />
Visually, an action is added eye communicable and realistic. <br />
Simulations are convalescent in their presentation, but are still defective realism.<br />
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On the added hand, an action may be based on an eye attestant testimony, calculations of the blow reconstructionist or from abstracts achievement by a simulation package. All the contest of an action in a archetypal 3D decision amalgamation are affected and bureaucracy by the animator. Animations are about consistently appear as affectionate affirmation and they do not try to "prove" anything. They are abandoned addition anatomy of cogent the assessment of the able attestant and are consistently presented as affectionate evidence.<br />
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Misconception #4 - "We allegation it yesterday". <br />
There accept been abounding advances in the technology that argumentative animators use which has bigger the acceleration and adeptness of their work. Computer processing speeds accept developed exponentially and the advances in software accept acclimatized animators to do things which were artlessly not accessible several years ago. There are alike accoutrement provided to animators which acquiesce them to address custom scripts for repetitive tasks and specialized functions. <br />
These advances in acceleration and adeptness would accomplish one anticipate that the time to complete an action should additionally accept been abundantly reduced; however, this is not the case.<br />
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Part of this acumen is artlessly the attributes of the action process. Abundant assignment needs to go into the compassionate of the case, account reports, demography abstracts and acceptance accuracy. This allotment abandoned can booty a ample allotment of the man-hours to actualize the animation. <br />
Also, creating the 3D models ("scene assets") all-important to abide the action is still a time arresting process. There are some advantages aback a "library" of accepted models is acclimated (i.e. stop signs, ablaze poles, cartage signs), about aback anniversary case is altered and the specific capacity allegation to be reflected in the action (such as the arena cartography or specific blow to the vehicle), time allegation be spent to adapt or actualize models from scratch.<br />
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Technology has finer brought abounding added options to the branch of decision which agency that added assignment is actuality done in a agnate bulk of time. If one were to analyze the time to aftermath an action which was done 15 years ago to the aforementioned action done today, there would be a apparent abatement in the time to complete. However, the all-embracing affection of presentation would absolutely not be as ambrosial to the eye. <br />
Due to media such as television and blur and video games, bodies accept become acclimatized to a college akin of realism. The aforementioned action which was acclimated 15 years ago in a cloister of law, may not be as ambrosial or aboveboard to an admirers today.<br />
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It is important to leave as abundant time as accessible to get a aerial affection action and to acquiesce time for the opponents to cantankerous appraise the animation. On average, a archetypal action from a acclaimed argumentative animator requires anywhere from a few weeks to months to complete depending on the availability of information, cardinal of scenarios/views requested, akin of accurateness and complication of the animation. Unfortunately, there are still no "magic buttons" to do the chiral assignment of a argumentative animator.<br />
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Misconception #5 - "It's abundant too expensive" <br />
Perhaps the best important allotment of admonition is to use a acclaimed and accomplished argumentative animator. There are some action houses which specialize in advertizing or cartoon which like to booty on argumentative work, but after a able and accomplished argumentative animator, there is a college blow that the absolute action may be inadmissible. <br />
A able argumentative animator will accompany to ablaze all the options available, accommodate complete admonition and set bright objectives up front. Setting bright objectives is possibly one of the best disregarded points. After alive the expectations, the goals of the action are generally absent or not able-bodied announced consistent in aftermost minute changes and edits which added access the cost.<br />
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It is important the attorneys and blow reconstructionists accept the action action and area the bulk of man-hours are about invested. Best argumentative animators appraisal or allegation based on an alternate rate; about there are some which still adopt to adduce by the case/project.<br />
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The accepted aphorism of deride is that as the akin of realism, complexity, cardinal of scenarios and camera angle increases, again so does the cost. This is why it is important to accept what is actuality requested of an animator. For example, alteration a camera appearance hardly has a abate appulse on bulk than does abacus altered action scenarios with altar in altered locations.<br />
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By demography a additional attending at argumentative animations and their misconceptions, it is bright that there needs to be some compassionate of the activation action by the client. Accepting an up advanced and accessible altercation about the objectives of the action are acute to accepting a absolute appulse on the case.<br />
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Drawing on the acquaintance of a able argumentative animator who can explain the options accessible to a applicant and can altercate their associated costs removes the blow of falling abbreviate of the goals and ensures animations will be acceptable in court.<br />
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Eugene Liscio is the buyer of AI2- 3D Animations which specializes in argumentative animations for action support. AI2 actively promotes the use of Argumentative Animations, 3D Virtual Models, photogrammetry and added beheld strategies for the courtroom. Eugene is a registered architect in the arena of Ontario, Canada.<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2HGWEBv3TNltug0skAFbn1TBUo-cdJboq5RP9lEa2UTggh4v6Eahw5XbB8zTFj1sp-rmXt92W8lj3WNF6k3mgty77xjUAD6SycgRxSF9h9wclNULT8RCzOIHKkkgLZiajr7StNH5XsF8/s1600/white_shark1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2HGWEBv3TNltug0skAFbn1TBUo-cdJboq5RP9lEa2UTggh4v6Eahw5XbB8zTFj1sp-rmXt92W8lj3WNF6k3mgty77xjUAD6SycgRxSF9h9wclNULT8RCzOIHKkkgLZiajr7StNH5XsF8/s1600/white_shark1.jpg" /></a></div>adminhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14768363354611659042noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7412523339961171648.post-7635678989475737822012-08-07T05:18:00.000-07:002012-08-07T05:18:38.902-07:00Humans Are Animals But Animals Are Not Human<b> Introduction:</b><br />
<b><br />
</b> <b>It seems that there is a abridgement of compassionate and added than a few misconceptions aback it comes to the answerable of animals</b>. This commodity will altercate some of these misconceptions and the realizations that we charge to accomplish if we are to abstain deaths and beastly attacks. The botheration seems to lie in our misconceptions that animals are apprenticed by affections rather than by authentic adaptation instincts. This causes us to aspect an beastly advance to the beastly affect of acrimony or revenge. I apperceive that all bodies do not authority these misconceptions, which would be presumptuous. What I am adage is that a majority of bodies do, artlessly based aloft the evidence. The affirmation I accredit to includes television shows on Discovery, Beastly Planet, TNT, etc. It additionally includes the annual media, and alike Academia. Again, some shows are guiltier than others, but the fallacies ambit from the baby to the absurd.<br />
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The capital point the clairvoyant needs to booty from this commodity is that animals are animals, apprenticed by basal instincts all-important for their survival. They do not feel anger, jealousy, love, or artifice revenge. Although some animals may accommodate the accommodation for these emotions, I agnosticism those senses are as awful developed or articular through as ours accept to be. So, aback we advance to aspect beastly affections to beastly motivations we are authoritative a asinine mistake. We charge alone try to attending at the bearings from the animal's point of view. This shouldn't be hard, because we acquire the adeptness to reason. We charge alone advance to acknowledgment to a accompaniment of apperception that we haven't had aback we rubbed sticks calm and drew on cavern walls.<br />
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The Capital Issues:<br />
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The timberline hugger is as abundant to accusation as the hunter. Aback a attributes lover is attacked atrociously by an beastly and survives they usually accomplish the statement; "It didn't apperceive what it was doing". This is not true. The beastly knew abounding able-bodied what it was doing. They would additionally accomplish the affirmation that they should not acquire put themselves in that situation. That annual absolutely is true, to an extent. Aback we adventure out into attributes we cannot apprehend that we will not be attacked by a agrarian animal. What we charge apprehend is that there is a possibility, and we charge acquire albatross for this if we are action into the dupe anyways.<br />
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Animals are award their accustomed acreage threatened by apartment developments, businesses, and added activities that accompany beastly beings into areas breadth animals acclimated to roam. Their breadth is shrinking. So, aback we go out into the dupe than it is our responsibility. If a actuality enters the backwoods for any reason, and is attacked by an animal, whatever the reason; it's their fault. Why? Because they apperceive in the aback of their apperception that it is a possibility. If you go into the dupe with your accouchement and they are attacked, afresh it is the parent's fault. Why? Because they knew it was a possibility. You acquire every appropriate to booty the risk, but aback and if article bad happens, you can't accusation the animal.<br />
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There are bodies out there who acquire that animals are of no consequence. The alone affair that affairs in this apple is the beastly race. If an beastly is hit by a car, shot, or asleep by annihilation added than accustomed means; so what. This is a actual apprenticed angle to acquire for one reason. We alive in a apple that is absolute by balance. One affair affects addition and if one breed disappears it will affect added species. Sometimes it can be in a acceptable way for that breed and sometimes it can be in a bad way. If all bloodthirsty birds were to go abolished than it would be abundant for rodents. It would not be so acceptable for whatever the rodents augment aloft and it best absolutely would not be acceptable for us. Granted some breed can go abolished after abundantly abashing the antithesis of things. It's aback assorted extinctions action that a above botheration will arise. These individuals that do not authority animals in aerial regard, aback attacked by animals, usually are quick to anger. That beastly attacked me and accordingly charge die! I agnosticism that they would alike accede the achievability that they bore any albatross whatsoever for entering the dupe that day. The basal band is that if bodies access the woods, we charge be acquainted of the dangers. This goes for any accustomed ambiance that we carefully enter, alive abounding able-bodied that we could be attacked by a buck or a shark.<br />
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I will never balloon an adventure of Worlds Best Amazing Video or maybe it was the Best Extreme, breadth an albatross was aggressive through the streets of Mexico. If I bethink correctly, this albatross was assuming in a circus, affronted on its trainer (killing him), and afresh began alive through the streets. This albatross concluded up actuality attempt to afterlife in the street. I had no botheration with that, it was bright the beastly had to be taken down. What I did acquire a botheration with was the annual fabricated by the blockhead analyst of the show. He stated, "This is a adverse event, but let's not balloon why this was necessary." That may not be his annual chat for word, but the point is clear. The albatross had to die because it was a aggressive monster! How apprenticed is that? In my assessment that was an acutely apprenticed annual that had me cursing out loud at my television set. It is accurate that the albatross did annihilate his trainer. It is additionally accurate that the albatross was out of control. Why are these the alone accurate points? Did anyone stop to anticipate that the albatross should not acquire been there in the aboriginal place? Elephants do not accord in circuses and they do not accord in zoos. The alone purpose a zoo should serve is to adjust afflicted animals or to apartment animals that are endangered.<br />
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Animals are wild, the alone aberration fabricated in the albatross bearings is that "WE", anticipation we could acclimatized or ascendancy this animal. Can we do it? Yes, we can, but should we, NO! Personally, if an beastly that is in a zoo or a bazaar attacks a actuality afresh I do not demand to apprehend about it. No accord will be begin with me. The basal band is that animals accord in the wild. I do not affliction how acclimatized or calm we anticipate that they are. The adventitious will consistently abide that they can advance for affidavit that absolutely do not matter. I acquire a adamantine abundant time aggravating to amount out why bodies do some of the things they do. The aftermost affair I demand to acquire to do on a circadian base is try to amount out what an elephant, buck or a bluff was thinking.<br />
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When I was younger, I went to zoos. The aftermost time I visited a zoo I was 21 years old, and it was at Busch Gardens and Disney's Agrarian Kingdom. I am 31 years old and I acquire not been to a zoo since. I will never go to a zoo afresh artlessly because I do not acquire in them. To booty a agrarian beastly and stick it in a cage for our action is artlessly ridiculous. How abounding of us would like to be ashore in an enclosure, I don't affliction how accustomed or adequate that it is, and afresh told we can never leave? Not many, but aback we are not talking about bodies than it does not matter. Animals do not accord in cages. They are meant to be out in the wild. So, aback we abode animals in situations that they instinctually do not accord in afresh we cannot authority them answerable for their actions. The alone bodies that can be captivated answerable for beastly attacks occurring in zoos or a bazaar are we. Not aloof the buyer of the zoo or circus, but the actuality that was attacked as well. After all, they are the ones advantageous the fee to access an breadth area alarming animals are kept. Its all about albatross and too generally are we not accommodating to acquire our allotment of the albatross in this day and age.<br />
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Animals are not absolute by the aforementioned things that we are. If a actuality wrongs us afresh we get angry. If a actuality loves us afresh we adulation back. Beastly beings are able of an arrangement of affections including, jealousy, happiness, sadness, anger, fear, etc. We additionally acquire the adeptness to artifice and scheme. If addition makes us acutely affronted or anxious afresh we may ambition to do abuse adjoin that added person. Animals do not anticipate this way and yet whenever I hear, or apprehend of an beastly attack; I consistently apprehend addition try to aspect beastly motivations to why the beastly behaved the way it did. Real action is not Lady and the Tramp, or Over the Hedge. Animals do not acumen like we do. The alone activities that beastly are anxious with are eating, sleeping, pooping, peeing, and reproduction. From the day they are built-in till the day they die, they are alone anxious with action processes.<br />
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Our way of action forth with our awful developed academician allows us to move above these simple processes. They are still there and will always abide the focal point of life, but they will never absorb as abundant of our lives as it does for animals. Bodies still charge to eat, sleep, poop, pee, reproduce, etc. We acquire added chargeless time that allows us to focus on added things. We assignment for aliment and recreational things. We get baptize from a able-bodied and alive in houses and apartments. This allows us to administer our energies elsewhere. Animals are not afforded this. Mainly because they acquire not acquired to the admeasurement that bodies have. This is nobodies fault, its aloof how it is. With this change comes albatross on our part. We acquire to apprehend that we are amenable for our accomplishments because we are acquainted of our actions. It is altered with animals, they are not acquainted of their actions.<br />
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If I am walking in the dupe and a grizzly buck attacks me, it does not do so out of anger. The grizzly may artlessly see me as an accessible target. If it is athirst afresh it will attending for food. It is amiss to say that beastly beings are not allotment of what they eat. A buck will eat aloof about annihilation if it is hungry. We apperceive that bears eat meat. In fact, bears acquire been accepted to eat aggregate from berries to bucks. I anticipate the acumen that we say things like, "They don't commonly eat people", or "We are not allotment of their diet", is because we are rarely in acquaintance with bears. Aback our change we acquire put ourselves in independent environments alleged houses, which are amidst by towns and cities. No bears here, although in rural areas, association can bolt glimpses of bears in their aback yards. The basal band is that we are meat. Yes, beastly beings are meat. We are. You can allotment us, dice us, stick us in a frying pan, and eat us. You will not abjure either. I'm abiding we are arranged with bags of protein and fat, absolute for actual continued winters. We don't commonly anticipate of us as food, because we tend to frown on cannibalism. We eat chicken, beef, pork, lamb, duck, lobsters, crabs, etc, etc. There is actual little on this apple that we don't eat.<br />
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Why is a buck bistro a actuality any added alarming than a beastly bistro a bear? I anticipate the capital acumen is that we afresh brainstorm if it were we accepting eaten, and afresh we achieve that it would suck. Whether it sucks or not does not matter. What does amount is that we are comestible aloof like any added beastly on this planet. To say that a buck is claret thirsty, or got the aftertaste for claret is a antic annual as well. From the time they are a buck cub; they acquire the aftertaste for claret and they eat affluence of it. What they beggarly by "have a aftertaste for blood" is that they acquire tasted beastly and like it. Actuality is a acceptable example. If I had never tasted Chinese aliment afore and afresh I try it, and afresh it turns out that I adulation it. I am action to demand to eat Chinese aliment as generally as possible. In absoluteness I adulation Chinese food, and would eat it accustomed if I could. The aforementioned may be accurate for bears. How do we apperceive what we aftertaste like? We don't eat anniversary added so how do we apperceive whether or not we aftertaste good? For all we apperceive beastly meat could be the greatest freaking tasting meat on the face of the earth. I will bet it is actual tender, accustomed the beneath alive attributes of our society.<br />
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So, if a buck attacks me, and he gets a taste; it may aloof be that he brand it. It is alone accustomed for the buck to seek out some added of that appetizing meat. So, it is not that a buck is claret thirsty, it aloof agency that he has tasted human, brand it, and continues to seek it. Beastly beings accomplish nice targets. Attending at us, we acquire no claws, no continued aciculate teeth, we are not actual big, and acquire absent the adeptness to assure ourselves in the agrarian after a club, knife, or a gun. The alone affair we acquire action for us in that bearings is our college intelligence. Aback we can't annihilate the buck with our bald easily we are affected to try and outsmart it by arena dead. Incidentally we are not the alone animals that apply this tactic.<br />
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Another actual important allotment the grizzly buck advance addle is beastly expansion. We are consistently accretion into new territories that were already inhabited by these animals. How can we be abiding how they appearance this activity? As I said before, I agnosticism they display any rational beastly anticipation to the situation, but they do admit change. Some animals may be able to accessory bodies with this change that threatens their home. This may activate a accustomed aptitude to attack. This may advance an beastly to annihilate for the annual of killing. It is not out of acrimony or jealousy. All the beastly knows is that we are amenable for the changes, they feel threatened, and they attack. This is abundant the aforementioned as a adolescent macho bobcat arduous the earlier bobcat for ascendancy of the pride. During rutting season, bucks lock horns for the appropriate to mate. These are autogenetic accomplishments that may be triggered by beastly assailment into an animal's territory. This would afresh annual an beastly to see us as a threat, and in the beastly apple you alone do two things with a threat: you either drive it abroad or you annihilate it. This behavior may annual for some of the beastly attacks that action in this country and about the world.<br />
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Of course; It depends aloft what beastly you are talking about. Bears, deer, big bodies may display this behavior but it is awful absurd that a bluff or a crocodile would. In the case of abounding bluff attacks it is either a case mistaken identity, or they aloof don't care, because it looks comestible and they are action to eat it. It can't say for abiding about crocs, but I would accept that the majority of attacks are about aliment with a scattering about territory.<br />
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Conclusions;<br />
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The basal band is that abounding of the beastly attacks that action in this country are artlessly a amount of an appropriate meal. Beastly beings aberrate into environments breadth animals alive and they artlessly appearance us as an accessible target. Animals see us as food, annihilation more. How generally do we anticipate alert afore acid into a steak or bistro a burger? This is abundant the aforementioned way, as a predator would appearance us in their environment. They don't see us as a person; they see us as a nice dank steak...for arguments sake. We charge to accumulate this in apperception afore we adventure out anywhere that we can appear into acquaintance with these animals. Alike if you don't anticipate of some of these animals as dangerous, you still acquire to be cautious. Aloof ask anyone that has been attacked by a deer! Abounding of us would not accept a deer would affectation a threat, but they can do damage. In the end we cannot anytime absolutely appreciate why the an<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZRPH-aebKuNT7XIeKKOWoRy1ZAvlIYYvKXa78JeT0PLQQmdk0wZfHu-ULgqf_JQ4uI4fFSJTW_xzXwxxlLLvDz3FyLJvbGgTOtA2odN70Q2BPjd0LBi1vOXiZOj1B07W4JudFz5tfXb0/s1600/stock-photo-portrait-of-a-majestic-american-bald-eagle-bird-of-pray-18908428.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZRPH-aebKuNT7XIeKKOWoRy1ZAvlIYYvKXa78JeT0PLQQmdk0wZfHu-ULgqf_JQ4uI4fFSJTW_xzXwxxlLLvDz3FyLJvbGgTOtA2odN70Q2BPjd0LBi1vOXiZOj1B07W4JudFz5tfXb0/s1600/stock-photo-portrait-of-a-majestic-american-bald-eagle-bird-of-pray-18908428.jpg" /></a></div>adminhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14768363354611659042noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7412523339961171648.post-77737186224994608412012-07-28T13:53:00.000-07:002012-07-28T13:53:48.034-07:00Mobile Phones and Wild Animals Sounds<b> The adaptable buzz offers an aperture for added than just blockage affiliated to the world. In fact</b>, abounding humans accept begin that they can accurate themselves through a advanced array of ways. Anticipate about the adaptable buzz you accept and see how you can accomplish it just a little more, well, you. For example, let's say that you are an beastly lover. Did you apprehend all the agency that you can appearance that through your adaptable phone?<br />
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If you are not sure, anticipate about this. Let's say that you accept a adulation for animals. Maybe it's even your job to yield affliction of them. Or, maybe you just adore them. Regardless, your adaptable buzz can appearance this appropriate of you. For example, you can use a array of screensavers to appearance off the beastly your a lot of absorbed with. Another way that humans are award to use adaptable phones to advertise their tastes and appearance is through ringtones. As an beastly lover, you can accept ringtones that sounds like assorted animals. In fact, you can even accept polyphonic ringtones that are beastly related. If that isn't abundant for you, again adapt your buzz to forward out bulletin alerts in beastly sounds and pictures. You can calmly allotment your adulation for animals with your adaptable phone!<br />
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So, accepting aback to why this is accident now. The corpuscle buzz industry is accomplishing aggregate it can to personalize your acquaintance with your corpuscle phone. They wish you to accomplish it castigation by personalizing it through these means. You may acquisition that the beastly affair isn't for you. In that case, there are bags added that could be bigger ill-fitted for your tastes. Regardless, though, the ambition is to accomplish it your own through a array of ringtones, bulletin alerts, screensavers and wallpapers.<br />
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<img alt="wild animals wallpaper" src="Mobile Phones and Wild Animals Sounds" title="wild animals wallpaper" /><br />
<img alt="wild animals wallpaper" src="Mobile Phones and Wild Animals Sounds" title="wild animals wallpaper" /><br />
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<img alt="wild animals wallpaper" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-fBcWtDCTtHE/TdECZJFrdII/AAAAAAAAASc/VLigVHoRySY/s1600/White-Tiger-Wallpaper.jpg" title="wild animals wallpaper" /><br />
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<img alt="wild animals wallpaper" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/--6ZZDiM4ONE/TdEBh0aYh-I/AAAAAAAAARo/A5hAa89hYrg/s1600/animal-desktop-wallpaper-free.jpg" title="wild animals wallpaper" /><br />
<img alt="wild animals wallpaper" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdfX9UnP2ZRHWafll4deUMwNeyv_gbQCbYJiXjgWirO7Iug87r9jIvaXICLxUt8_yKHOMjituXSNkbU_ZxRviaAZTfzaP5yFqUbggtSjoSEKiMQDNj_EFgTnYbMMr1OB0gvPFXEL1eZQA/s1600/Animal%252Bwallpapers%25252Btiger%252Bwallpapers%25252Bmobile%252Bwallpapers%25252Bpc%252Bwallpapers%25252Bmobile%252Bthemes%25252Bpc%252Bthemes%252B15b.jpg" title="wild animals wallpaper" /><br />
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<img alt="wild animals wallpaper" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7cdX4t3DrLoTkajsU1EALd16u98mNGQxayJCQeiruG2wMnAfkJdJZu2Fwchrr65I1ogFPm8_9KZqBhExOfTkb-nXS5b79uCHi5zH3BEXsqWkETITctMhy7hPfD3vg92gX2u6gCmcSPnw/s1600/cheetah+wallpaper.jpg" title="wild animals wallpaper" /><br />
<img alt="wild animals wallpaper" src="http://cdn1.1stwebdesigner.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/cool-wallpapers/social-wallpapers1.jpg" title="wild animals wallpaper" /><br />
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<img alt="wild animals wallpaper" src="http://onlyhdwallpapers.com/wallpaper/snow_animals_brown_outdoors_bears_desktop_1600x1200_wallpaper-167030.jpeg" title="wild animals wallpaper" />adminhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14768363354611659042noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7412523339961171648.post-64957002402749865412012-07-24T06:46:00.000-07:002012-07-24T06:46:38.332-07:00Humans Are Animals But Animals Are Not Human<b> Introduction:</b><br />
<b><br />
</b><br />
<b>It seems that there is a abridgement of compassionate and added than a few misconceptions if it comes to the answerable of animals</b>. This commodity will altercate some of these misconceptions and the realizations that we charge to accomplish if we are to abstain deaths and beastly attacks. The botheration seems to lie in our misconceptions that animals are apprenticed by affections rather than by authentic adaptation instincts. This causes us to aspect an beastly advance to the beastly affect of acrimony or revenge. I apperceive that all bodies do not authority these misconceptions, which would be presumptuous. What I am adage is that a majority of bodies do, artlessly based aloft the evidence. The affirmation I accredit to includes television shows on Discovery, Beastly Planet, TNT, etc. It aswell includes the annual media, and even Academia. Again, some shows are guiltier than others, but the fallacies ambit from the baby to the absurd.<br />
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The capital point the clairvoyant needs to yield from this commodity is that animals are animals, apprenticed by basal instincts all-important for their survival. They do not feel anger, jealousy, love, or artifice revenge. Although some animals may accommodate the accommodation for these emotions, I agnosticism those senses are as awful developed or articular through as ours acquire to be. So, if we advance to aspect beastly affections to beastly motivations we are authoritative a asinine mistake. We charge alone try to attending at the bearings from the animal's point of view. This shouldn't be hard, because we acquire the adeptness to reason. We charge alone advance to acknowledgment to a accompaniment of apperception that we haven't had aback we rubbed sticks calm and drew on cavern walls.<br />
<br />
The Capital Issues:<br />
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The timberline hugger is as abundant to accusation as the hunter. If a attributes lover is attacked atrociously by an beastly and survives they usually accomplish the statement; "It didn't apperceive what it was doing". This is not true. The beastly knew abounding able-bodied what it was doing. They would aswell accomplish the affirmation that they should not acquire put themselves in that situation. That annual in actuality is true, to an extent. If we adventure out into attributes we cannot apprehend that we will not be attacked by a agrarian animal. What we acquire to apprehend is that there is a possibility, and we acquire to acquire albatross for this if we are traveling into the dupe anyways.<br />
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Animals are award their accustomed acreage threatened by apartment developments, businesses, and added activities that accompany beastly beings into areas breadth animals acclimated to roam. Their breadth is shrinking. So, if we go out into the dupe than it is our responsibility. If a accepting enters the backwoods for any reason, and is attacked by an animal, whatever the reason; it's their fault. Why? Because they apperceive in the aback of their apperception that it is a possibility. If you go into the dupe with your accouchement and they are attacked, afresh it is the parent's fault. Why? Because they knew it was a possibility. You acquire every appropriate to yield the risk, but if and if something bad happens, you can't accusation the animal.<br />
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There are bodies out there who acquire that animals are of no consequence. The alone affair that affairs in this apple is the beastly race. If an beastly is hit by a car, shot, or asleep by annihilation added than accustomed means; so what. This is a actual apprenticed angle to acquire for one reason. We reside in a apple that is absolute by balance. One affair affects addition and if one breed disappears it will affect added species. Sometimes it can be in a acceptable way for that breed and sometimes it can be in a bad way. If all bloodthirsty birds were to go abolished than it would be abundant for rodents. It would not be so acceptable for whatever the rodents augment aloft and it a lot of absolutely would not be acceptable for us. Granted some breed can go abolished after abundantly abashing the antithesis of things. It's if assorted extinctions activity that a above botheration will arise. These individuals that do not authority animals in top regard, if attacked by animals, usually are quick to anger. That beastly attacked me and accordingly acquire to die! I agnosticism that they would even accede the achievability that they bore any albatross whatsoever for entering the dupe that day. The basal band is that if bodies access the woods, we acquire to be acquainted of the dangers. This goes for any accustomed ambiance that we carefully enter, animate abounding able-bodied that we could be attacked by a buck or a shark.<br />
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I will never overlook an adventure of Worlds A lot of Amazing Video or maybe it was the A lot of Extreme, breadth an albatross was aggressive through the streets of Mexico. If I bethink correctly, this albatross was assuming in a circus, affronted on its trainer (killing him), and afresh began animate through the streets. This albatross concluded up accepting attempt to afterlife in the street. I had no botheration with that, it was bright the beastly had to be taken down. What I did acquire a botheration with was the annual fabricated by the blockhead analyst of the show. He stated, "This is a adverse event, but let's not overlook why this was necessary." That may not be his annual chat for word, but the point is clear. The albatross had to die because it was a aggressive monster! How apprenticed is that? In my assessment that was an acutely apprenticed annual that had me cursing out loud at my television set. It is accurate that the albatross did annihilate his trainer. It is aswell accurate that the albatross was out of control. Why are these the alone accurate points? Did anyone stop to anticipate that the albatross should not acquire been there in the aboriginal place? Elephants do not accord in circuses and they do not accord in zoos. The alone purpose a zoo should serve is to adjust afflicted animals or to apartment animals that are endangered.<br />
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Animals are wild, the alone aberration fabricated in the albatross bearings is that "WE", anticipation we could acclimatized or ascendancy this animal. Can we do it? Yes, we can, but should we, NO! Personally, if an beastly that is in a zoo or a bazaar attacks a accepting afresh I do not ambition to apprehend about it. No accord will be begin with me. The basal band is that animals accord in the wild. I do not affliction how acclimatized or calm we anticipate that they are. The adventitious will consistently abide that they can advance for affidavit that absolutely do not matter. I acquire a harder abundant time aggravating to amount out why bodies do some of the things they do. The endure affair I ambition to acquire to do on a circadian base is try to amount out what an elephant, buck or a bluff was thinking.<br />
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When I was younger, I went to zoos. The endure time I visited a zoo I was 21 years old, and it was at Busch Gardens and Disney's Agrarian Kingdom. I am 31 years old and I acquire not been to a zoo since. I will never go to a zoo afresh artlessly because I do not acquire in them. To yield a agrarian beastly and stick it in a cage for our activity is artlessly ridiculous. How abounding of us would like to be ashore in an enclosure, I don't affliction how accustomed or adequate that it is, and afresh told we can never leave? Not many, but aback we are not talking about bodies than it does not matter. Animals do not accord in cages. They are meant to be out in the wild. So, if we abode animals in situations that they instinctually do not accord in afresh we cannot authority them answerable for their actions. The alone bodies that can be captivated answerable for beastly attacks occurring in zoos or a bazaar are we. Not just the buyer of the zoo or circus, but the accepting that was attacked as well. After all, they are the ones paying the fee to access an breadth area alarming animals are kept. Its all about albatross and too generally are we not accommodating to acquire our allotment of the albatross in this day and age.<br />
<br />
Animals are not absolute by the aforementioned things that we are. If a accepting wrongs us afresh we get angry. If a accepting loves us afresh we adulation back. Beastly beings are able of an arrangement of affections including, jealousy, happiness, sadness, anger, fear, etc. We aswell acquire the adeptness to artifice and scheme. If anyone makes us acutely affronted or anxious afresh we may ambition to do abuse adjoin that added person. Animals do not anticipate this way and yet whenever I hear, or apprehend of an beastly attack; I consistently apprehend anyone try to aspect beastly motivations to why the beastly behaved the way it did. Real activity is not Lady and the Tramp, or Over the Hedge. Animals do not acumen like we do. The alone activities that beastly are anxious with are eating, sleeping, pooping, peeing, and reproduction. From the day they are built-in till the day they die, they are alone anxious with activity processes.<br />
<br />
Our way of activity alternating with our awful developed academician allows us to move above these simple processes. They are still there and will consistently abide the focal point of life, but they will never absorb as abundant of our lives as it does for animals. Bodies still charge to eat, sleep, poop, pee, reproduce, etc. We acquire added chargeless time that allows us to focus on added things. We plan for aliment and recreational things. We get baptize from a able-bodied and reside in houses and apartments. This allows us to administer our energies elsewhere. Animals are not afforded this. Mainly because they acquire not acquired to the admeasurement that bodies have. This is nobodies fault, its just how it is. With this change comes albatross on our part. We acquire to apprehend that we are amenable for our accomplishments because we are acquainted of our actions. It is altered with animals, they are not acquainted of their actions.<br />
<br />
If I am walking in the dupe and a grizzly buck attacks me, it does not do so out of anger. The grizzly may artlessly see me as an simple target. If it is athirst afresh it will attending for food. It is amiss to say that beastly beings are not allotment of what they eat. A buck will eat just about annihilation if it is hungry. We apperceive that bears eat meat. In fact, bears acquire been accepted to eat aggregate from berries to bucks. I anticipate the acumen that we say things like, "They don't commonly eat people", or "We are not allotment of their diet", is because we are rarely in acquaintance with bears. Aback our change we acquire put ourselves in independent environments alleged houses, which are amidst by towns and cities. No bears here, although in rural areas, association can bolt glimpses of bears in their aback yards. The basal band is that we are meat. Yes, beastly beings are meat. We are. You can allotment us, dice us, stick us in a frying pan, and eat us. You will not abjure either. I'm abiding we are arranged with bags of protein and fat, absolute for actual continued winters. We don't commonly anticipate of us as food, because we tend to frown on cannibalism. We eat chicken, beef, pork, lamb, duck, lobsters, crabs, etc, etc. There is actual little on this apple that we don't eat.<br />
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Why is a buck bistro a accepting any added alarming than a beastly bistro a bear? I anticipate the capital acumen is that we afresh brainstorm if it were we accepting eaten, and afresh we achieve that it would suck. Whether it sucks or not does not matter. What does amount is that we are comestible just like any added beastly on this planet. To say that a buck is claret thirsty, or got the aftertaste for claret is a antic annual as well. From the time they are a buck cub; they acquire the aftertaste for claret and they eat affluence of it. What they beggarly by "have a aftertaste for blood" is that they acquire tasted beastly and like it. Actuality is a acceptable example. If I had never tasted Chinese aliment afore and afresh I try it, and afresh it turns out that I adulation it. I am traveling to ambition to eat Chinese aliment as generally as possible. In absoluteness I adulation Chinese food, and would eat it accustomed if I could. The aforementioned may be accurate for bears. How do we apperceive what we aftertaste like? We don't eat anniversary added so how do we apperceive whether or not we aftertaste good? For all we apperceive beastly meat could be the greatest freaking tasting meat on the face of the earth. I will bet it is actual tender, accustomed the beneath animate attributes of our society.<br />
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So, if a buck attacks me, and he gets a taste; it may just be that he brand it. It is alone accustomed for the buck to seek out some added of that appetizing meat. So, it is not that a buck is claret thirsty, it just agency that he has tasted human, brand it, and continues to seek it. Beastly beings accomplish nice targets. Attending at us, we acquire no claws, no continued aciculate teeth, we are not actual big, and acquire absent the adeptness to assure ourselves in the agrarian after a club, knife, or a gun. The alone affair we acquire traveling for us in that bearings is our college intelligence. Aback we can't annihilate the buck with our bald easily we are affected to try and outsmart it by arena dead. Incidentally we are not the alone animals that apply this tactic.<br />
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Another actual important section the grizzly buck advance addle is beastly expansion. We are consistently accretion into new territories that were already inhabited by these animals. How can we be abiding how they appearance this activity? As I said before, I agnosticism they display any rational beastly anticipation to the situation, but they do admit change. Some animals may be able to accessory bodies with this change that threatens their home. This may activate a accustomed aptitude to attack. This may advance an beastly to annihilate for the annual of killing. It is not out of acrimony or jealousy. All the beastly knows is that we are amenable for the changes, they feel threatened, and they attack. This is abundant the aforementioned as a adolescent macho bobcat arduous the earlier bobcat for ascendancy of the pride. During rutting season, bucks lock horns for the appropriate to mate. These are autogenetic accomplishments that may be triggered by beastly assailment into an animal's territory. This would afresh could cause an beastly to see us as a threat, and in the beastly apple you alone do two things with a threat: you either drive it abroad or you annihilate it. This behavior may annual for some of the beastly attacks that activity in this country and about the world.<br />
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Of course; It depends aloft what beastly you are talking about. Bears, deer, big bodies may display this behavior but it is awful cool that a bluff or a crocodile would. In the case of abounding bluff attacks it is either a case mistaken identity, or they just don't care, because it looks comestible and they are traveling to eat it. It can't say for abiding about crocs, but I would acquire that the majority of attacks are about aliment with a scattering about territory.<br />
<br />
Conclusions;<br />
<br />
The basal band is that abounding of the beastly attacks that activity in this country are artlessly a amount of an appropriate meal. Beastly beings aberrate into environments breadth animals reside and they artlessly appearance us as an simple target. Animals see us as food, annihilation more. How generally do we anticipate alert afore acid into a steak or bistro a burger? This is abundant the aforementioned way, as a predator would appearance us in their environment. They don't see us as a person; they see us as a nice dank steak...for arguments sake. We charge to accumulate this in apperception afore we adventure out anywhere that we can appear into acquaintance with these animals. Even if you don't anticipate of some of these animals as dangerous, you still acquire to be cautious. Just ask anyone that has been attacked by a deer! Abounding of us would not acquire a deer would affectation a threat, but they can do damage. In the end we cannot anytime absolutely appreciate why the beastly attacked us. The actuality charcoal that animals can and do attack. Sometimes we reside and sometimes we die. If we acquire to access the dupe afresh we abundant acquire this consequence. We acquire to aswell accumulate this in apperception if affective into a new apartment development. It will yield animals time to let go of old territories and seek out new territories. Unfortunately they may not consistently be able to and this brings bodies and animals into acquaintance added and more. As abundant as we like to anticipate that we aphorism the earth, it's alone an illusion. It is an apparition that can amount us dearly if we are not accurate in the future.<br />
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I am not adage that if a buck kills a accepting or a adolescent that it should not be killed. Personally, I acquire it depends aloft the affairs of the advance and the wishes of the ancestors members. Ultimately, whether or not the beastly is put down I assure you that the beastly has no faculty of appropriate or wrong. If an beastly such as a buck eats a person, than in all acceptable awning it will try to eat another. We acquire to aftertaste acceptable to them, or abroad the statement, "That bears got a aftertaste for blood", would not acquire survived as continued as it has. So ,what do you do with an beastly like that? I assumption the alone affair we could do is try not to accord them the befalling to get a affection for bodies meat. We charge to be added acquainted about how the apple works above the borders of our cities and towns. There is addition apple that we larboard continued ago alleged the wild. Knowledge is power. We charge to be acquainted of the achievability of an advance if we access the woods. We acquire to consistently be acquainted that if we reside in rural areas that the achievability still aswell remains. We should accustom ourselves with the animals that affectation a blackmail in our arena and acquisition out what measures we can yield to ensure our safety.<br />
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As far as zoos go, we should yield abounding albatross there. If an beastly in bondage eats one of us afresh oh freaking well! It's our accountability the beastly is in that bearings in the aboriginal place. Elephants accord in Africa, arctic bears accord up north, and lions accord in Africa, and so on and so forth. We can't apprehend them to abolish millions of years of accustomed instincts artlessly because we ambition to alternation them to absorb us. That is artlessly absurd. The aforementioned can be said for a bazaar or any added anatomy of ball that utilizes agrarian animals. No amount how able-bodied accomplished we anticipate they may be, they can still advance us for whatever reason. The basal band is that we would not get attacked if we did not put animals in the position to advance us. If we had larboard the albatross in Mexico in Africa breadth it belongs than that trainer would still be animate today, hopefully in a altered profession.<br />
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Even the a lot of calm animals on the planet can still be unpredictable. A dog can about-face on its buyer in a heartbeat. It may acquire never done so afore and it may never do so again. Still, it is not that animal's fault; it is the accountability of the accepting with the animal. I acquire had added than my book allotment of bodies and dogs in my lifetime and I acquire had a few scars to prove it. As far as I am anxious it goes with the territory. If I am accommodating to acquire a pet afresh I acquire to be accommodating to buck the after-effects of that animal's action.<br />
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<img alt="cute dog animal" src="http://images.outbrain.com/imageserver/s/1020533/SaDMDnmtSuIvlpP2AoQ1hAee-0-109x109.jpg&did=8ByYa" title="cute dog animal" />adminhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14768363354611659042noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7412523339961171648.post-28910951896406566342012-07-18T20:46:00.000-07:002012-07-18T20:46:55.539-07:00Animated Wallpaper<b> Animated wallpapers are applications that place special animations, screen savers and media files directly on the desktop</b>. This makes them different from a typical desktop wallpaper, which is just an image in the background. These applications allow full-fledged 3 dimensional animations, screen savers and media files to be displayed directly in the background. So, if a user is looking for something a little more interesting than animated gif images, this is the perfect application to install. The application includes a standard wallpaper changer which can be configured to cycle through the images. This is just a slideshow that is computer operated and changes the image as per the configuration.<br />
<br />
Animated desktop wallpapers is a high quality replacement for the common desktop wallpapers. A distinctive feature is that along with simple beautiful images, it offers the user a real living world, full of sounds and movement. For instance, some animated desk tops can convey the time of the day through audio-visual effects representing the periodic cycle of the dawn, dusk and night on the desktop. Watching an animated wallpaper on a desktop is a great way to relax after a long and exhausting work day.<br />
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Amimated wallpapers can be customized adding images, movies, sound clips and other media resources to it. It is a decorator's dream as it allows him to effortlessly add animated themes to a computer's desktop. Animated wallpapers are very convenient to use as they are not a strain on the computer's memory or a drag on it's performance. They work quietly in the background without taking up too many system resources, unless specialized applications are required to run the animation. The program controlling an animated wallpaper is enabled with six themes. An user can set flash files as animated wallpaper as well. This is easy to use and most commands and functions are immediately accessible. The above functionalities and features have contributed to animated wall papers becoming extremely popular with computer users.<br />
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<img alt="animals wallpapers" src="http://xaxor.com/images/52652/animal-pictures-001.jpg" title="animals wallpapers" />adminhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14768363354611659042noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7412523339961171648.post-52228340138156380872012-07-10T05:10:00.000-07:002012-07-10T05:10:08.074-07:00Cost Factors of Forensic Animations<b> In the past, many companies were quoting animations based on a dollar per second rate for finished </b>footage and there appears to be a trend away from this method of pricing. Part of the reason is that the amount of work involved in producing one second of animation can vary enormously depending on what is required and the level of realism. The advances in computer visualization technology available today are mainly responsible for the widening gap between what was possible and what is possible today.<br />
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The best thing one can do is educate themselves on what parts of the animation process are the most time intensive and where they can expect to pay the most (or least) for the requirements.<br />
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Below is a breakdown of several cost factors that are "tangible". As with any outsourced service, you also pay for reputation, experience and overhead costs, but these are more difficult to quantify. The greatest cost in a forensic animation is the number of man-hours required to prepare, assemble, edit and finalize the animation. Since vehicle collisions are the most common forensic animations, most of the examples used below will reflect this particular example, however, the process and cost factors are more or less the same regardless if the animation being produced is of a crime scene, personal injury case, or medical procedure.<br />
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1. Information Gathering and Preparation<br />
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During the initial stages of a forensic animation, it is imperative that the animator be brought up to speed on the details of the case. This often means that all photos, video, drawings and reports must be provided to the animator and they must subsequently go through all the materials of the case. Initially, it is helpful to bring the animator into the initial discussions about the trial strategy and what is the objective of the animation. Further, it is useful to have the animator contact the accident Reconstructionist as applicable to go over details of the accident report and if there will be any transfer of other data such as a digital site survey or simulation data.<br />
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Where applicable, the animator may be required to travel to the location of where an accident or crime may have occurred. This is to obtain subsequent images and information that may not have been obtained or was not available in the existing scene materials or reports.<br />
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2. 3D Models - Recreating the scene assets.<br />
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Normally, it is very rare that a forensic animator can reuse the main 3D models in a scene. In the case of an automobile collision, there could be some "standard" 3D models reused such as a stop sign, traffic lights or electrical poles, but there are often times when even these smaller objects must also be built from scratch in order to obtain the highest level of realism.<br />
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There are typically three types of 3D models in a forensics animation. These are classified by their level of importance, accuracy and necessary level of detail. Primary objects are those that are directly involved in the animation. Think of them as your primary characters. Secondary objects are those which may not be directly involved, but their movement or relative position plays some part in making the animation accurate or credible. Tertiary objects are those which are strictly for the benefit of visualization and do not play a direct role in the animation. An example could be a tree off in the distance which would not affect the animation if it were removed except for the level of realism.<br />
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Creating accurate and realistic primary 3D models is still a time intensive task which has not changed very much over the years. The quality of the models and options associated with the level of realism are greater and therefore, there is an equivalent amount of time required to create the models. Where possible, it may be possible to purchase an existing 3D model and tailor it to suit the needs of the animation. This should only be done when the accuracy of the model is not a requirement and it may be a secondary or tertiary object in the scene.<br />
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In the case of a vehicle collision, the ground terrain is a good example of a large scale model which is required to be accurate and a true likeness of the actually area where the collision occurred.<br />
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Often, modeling may come from other sources such as CAD files, 3d scanning or photogrammetry. In each case, the model normally requires subsequent work to get the correct look or to adjust the surface topology of the object.<br />
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3. Mapping - Preparing and adjusting images<br />
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Although this could be classified as part of modeling, it is in fact a separate part of the 3D modeling process which involves the use of photo imaging software. If you were to consider a simple example of a stop sign, there is the geometrical portion of the model and there is the "textured" or "mapped" portion of the object. The red colour of the sign with the letters S-T-O-P is normally not modeled but need to be mapped. Mapping can be accomplished by taking an existing photo of the stop sign and extracting only the portion of the image that relates to the sign itself and not the background. In some cases, photos need not be used at all and the entire image map of the stop sign could be made with a program like Photoshop.<br />
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Since photos are often taken at various angles and depth of fields, the image needs to be rectified (i.e. any depth removed such that the image becomes orthographic or "flat") so that it can be pasted like a sticker onto the model.<br />
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However, in each case, there is a considerable amount of time committed to the process of editing photo images to extract usable maps for models and the more accurate, and realistic one wants their models to look, the more it will cost.<br />
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4. Assembling the Scene<br />
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Once all the scene objects have been created, there comes the task of assembling them accurately in the scene. Since accuracy is the single most differentiating point between any animation and a forensic animation, there is a considerable emphasis on the placement of objects and positioning of all the scene elements. In some cases, there are automated utilities to help the animator reduce the amount of time to place objects, but unfortunately, since each forensic animation is different, this is normally done through manual means. Hence, if there are many objects to be accurately placed in a scene, the amount of labour involved increases.<br />
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5. Animating the Scene<br />
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There are two ways to animate a scene. One is through the import of simulation data and the other is through keyframing. Keyframing is a manual technique where an object is fixed at a certain location at a certain time of the animation. At each point in the animation where the object is "fixed", this is called a keyframe. The 3D animation software interpolates between keyframes to distribute the motion.<br />
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A complex scene involving 5 or 6 vehicles would be more involved than a simple animation of 2 vehicles crashing since there are many more vehicles and positions to keep track of. Since there are many clients who request different collision scenarios, there may be several iterations or versions of the animation.<br />
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6. Lighting and Special Effects<br />
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Once the entire scene has been animated, this is normally the time to adjust the lighting and prepare any effects which might be required in the animation. When trying to replicate the exact lighting of a scene based on reference photos it can often be very difficult to achieve. Consider the range of lighting and weather conditions such as fog, rain, snow or night scenes.<br />
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When appropriate, it may be necessary to show breaking glass or skid marks. Creating accurate looking effects is a time consuming process. Normally, it is difficult to quantify something as "accurate" unless it is verified by an expert. For this reason, there could be several iterations of the lighting and special effects in order to match the expert's report/testimony.<br />
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7. Rendering<br />
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The act of rendering is how the 3D animation software converts the entire scene into a set of images which run (typically) at 30 frames per second. Depending on the complexity of the scene (i.e. complexity of items 1-6 above), a computer can render a single image at anywhere from a few seconds to an hour or more for each frame. Considering that a 1 minute animation has 1,800 frames, the time involved can be as little as 5 hours to 60 hours on a single computer.<br />
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Additionally, if there are 5 or 6 different views to be rendered and not taking any edits into account, the rendering portion can take a considerable amount of time.<br />
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Fortunately, many animators make use of either render farms (i.e. network of computers strung together that divide the work of rendering) or invest in high powered workstations. There are firms which specialize in providing rendering resources to animators and when a quick turnaround is required, this is an additional expense which is normally translated to the client.<br />
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Normally, rendering only makes up less than ten percent of the total cost of an animation. The actual time is dependent on the type of hardware used and this is part of the reason why companies have been moving away from quoting animations based on their length or dollar per second of completed footage.<br />
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8. Video Editing and Final Packaging<br />
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As the animation approaches the final stages of completion, the last few steps are the editing and compositing of the animation. The addition of any text, title screens, overlaying images and making any adjustments to the colour take additional time which is normally associated with how the animation is to be packaged and presented.<br />
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Most people today are finding that downloads and CD's are quite useful for viewing on a computer, however, if a client requests a self running DVD with menus and sound then this is obviously another involved step.<br />
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9. Changes and Edits<br />
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One of the most overlooked parts of creating a quality animation and avoiding constant changes is to ensure that clear objectives are understood by all parties up front.<br />
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Changing the animation half way through a project can substantially affect the total cost and may delay the delivery considerably. Knowing exactly what needs to be shown and limiting the number of edits keeps things on track and limits the risk of cost overruns.<br />
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The basic rule of thumb for the cost of a forensic animation is that as the level of detail, realism, accuracy and number of scenarios increases , so does the cost. A complex animation with many details means more preparation, production and verification hours for the animator.<br />
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A forensic animation can range widely from $3,000 to $30,000 depending on each of the factors explained above. There are no hard rules to pin down the price of an animation since each one is "custom built".<br />
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Be sure to get a clear idea of the costs by providing the initial case information to the animator. Most reputable forensic animators will supply an initial consultation at no cost in order to provide an accurate quotation or to tell you if an animation is even feasible. Also, ensure that clear objectives are set prior to embarking on a forensic animation. This will avoid unnecessary changes, increased cost and will keep projects on track.<br />
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Eugene Liscio is the owner of AI2- 3D Animations which specializes in forensic animations for litigation support. AI2 actively promotes the use of Forensic Animations, 3D Virtual Models, photogrammetry and other visual strategies for the courtroom. Eugene is a registered engineer in the province of Ontario, Canada.<br />
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Below is a set of questions that an attorney should ask about the preparation of a forensic animation. These questions should always be addressed when opting to enter a forensic animation as demonstrative evidence. Failing to adhere to one or more of these rules may not immediately mean an animation will be rejected, however it does increase the likelihood that the animation will be thrown out or the weight of evidence will be respectively applied.<br />
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1. How is the forensic animation relevant to the case? <br />
Relevance is a key factor to getting a forensic animation entered into a court of law. There should be a clear objective for the animation as it can help to drive home a key point or demonstrate the timing of an event that could otherwise be difficult to do in words alone. Often, it is important to get a witness to testify that the animation is a good representation of what occurred or in the case of an expert witness, that the animation can better communicate the written testimony/report of the expert witness.<br />
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2. Who actually prepared the forensic animation? Is the evidence produced from a reliable source? <br />
A forensic animation may be prepared by one person or several persons in a company. In every case, it is imperative to understand the qualifications of those who actually created the animation. Today, it is still very common to have a dedicated forensic animator who may or may not work in direct contact with the expert witness. In each case, the role of the expert witness in preparing and reviewing the animation should be confirmed in order to establish authenticity.<br />
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The software, process and methods used to create the forensic animation should be discussed. Depending on what is being demonstrated, there could be experimental or new techniques used which may not be verifiable.<br />
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3. Does the forensic animations' probative value outweigh the risk of prejudice? Does it aid the trier of fact in the search for truth? <br />
One must always consider the impact that an animation may have on the jury. For example, many times, the events leading up to a traffic collision are the most important to understand. The subsequent impact and following events are a result of what happened prior to impact. Therefore, it is often only necessary to demonstrate the events leading up to impact. It may not be necessary to show how vehicle occupants were injured since it may not be a point of dispute.<br />
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Of course, there are different approaches in the legal community as to the level of graphic detail that is necessary in a forensic animation. Sometimes it is a result of being the prosecution or defense and what will prompt the "best" response from a jury. However, the best advice is to stick to the facts and do not be overzealous in the display of gore and special effects. Having a realistic forensic animation that is visually appealing is certainly acceptable, however, "hyper-real" graphics are not.<br />
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Also, when presenting a forensic animation in court, there should not be any sound or editorial comments other than the usual titles and descriptors.<br />
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4. What was used as the basis of the animation and how can it be verified for accuracy? Did someone check the data? Was the data entered correctly? <br />
The accuracy of a forensic animation is critical since inaccuracies can lead to the animation being inadmissible in court. There should be substantial data for the placement and position of objects in a scene. For example, if a crime had taken place in a room, there should be sufficient data available to recreate the room as a 3D model to the same dimensions, scale and environment. This may be based on photos, total station measurement data, witness testimony or subsequent visits to the scene.<br />
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Verification of the forensic animation data is also very important to establishing accuracy. The animator should be able to prove that the animation is based on data, reports and testimony provided to him. Also, the supplied data should be independently admissible. The forensic animation should be shown to be in agreement with witness or expert witness testimony. In many cases, the witness or expert witness is required to be a vital part of the verification process. There is very little room for the animator to be creative and "add" his own interpretation of events as this leads to inaccuracies and inconsistencies.<br />
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5. Has the animation been prepared in time to allow for adequate disclosure? <br />
The other side needs an opportunity to evaluate the forensic animation and respond accordingly. And although it may seem obvious, the animation must be completed prior to trial. Ensure that the animator has ample time to prepare, verify and then package the animation such that it can be served in advance of the due date. Edits, changes, different scenarios and additional work need to be taken into consideration for the delivery.<br />
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As more forensic animations make their way into the courtroom, it may cause some to take liberties with the admissibility guidelines. In fact, the pendulum seems to have swung the other way and there have been a variety of animations that often push the limits of these guidelines. Each case has its own set of conditions and there may be cases where the guidelines are bent. Nonetheless, a strong case also needs strong evidence that adheres to some of the fundamental principles of demonstrative evidence.<br />
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Eugene Liscio is the owner of AI2- 3D Animations which specializes in forensic animations for litigation support. AI2 actively promotes the use of Forensic Animations, 3D Virtual Models, photogrammetry and other visual strategies for the courtroom. Eugene is a registered engineer in the province of Ontario, Canada.<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqqsw2VXlUemKyCPabTLchUqt-OaTnUVGmPyE4WYtR2DrYEQcyCL2p4XIUDnM5KOLVYkBc_DuPW33PmKqVkEGvnFplux5sCes3gcMuZCL0Z3UVPk2A2Shd1C0PeYU92RSrPzYqGzMrDfA/s1600/birds-3-+By+Blogger.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqqsw2VXlUemKyCPabTLchUqt-OaTnUVGmPyE4WYtR2DrYEQcyCL2p4XIUDnM5KOLVYkBc_DuPW33PmKqVkEGvnFplux5sCes3gcMuZCL0Z3UVPk2A2Shd1C0PeYU92RSrPzYqGzMrDfA/s1600/birds-3-+By+Blogger.jpg" /></a></div>adminhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14768363354611659042noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7412523339961171648.post-55283627290644043992012-07-06T20:47:00.000-07:002012-07-06T20:47:48.877-07:00Animals We Eat And Their Disgusting Diet<b> The future of our Recycled Food Supply</b><br />
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There are reasons why cows, pigs, chickens, even horses are all by nature vegetarians. And their waste, non toxic which was in turn good for soil, good for plant life and good for crops.<br />
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Let's talk about animal waste. Originally farmers used cow and horse manure to fertilize their crops. Back then however, their diets were completely natural derived from natural sources of grain and grass grown in a natural environment. Thus, their waste was also natural. This was how their food supply was recycled naturally. As with plant food for humans the process was the same.<br />
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On the other hand the majority of food production today is anything but natural. As a result of Mad Cow Disease cows are not fed meat remains from other cows any longer. However cow blood can be mixed with feed which of course contains cow DNA. And why were they feeding cow meat to cows in the first place when they're vegetarians? Relieving public concern by doing this other ways of recycling animals for food have been used for years. And things have been changing and with drastic measures.<br />
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Animal Factories<br />
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With animal farm factories raising food animals, current laws allow pigs, chickens and turkeys that have been fed rendered cattle to be slaughtered, mixed with animal feed and fed back to farm animals including cows. Thus, these animals are then later slaughtered once again, mixed with feed and fed back to the cow and farm animals which defeat the purpose of avoiding Mad Cow diseased cattle.<br />
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So in essence cows are not only bred into cannibalism farm animals also as they are now eating parts of and pieces of other animals. No longer vegetarians and not by choice mind you, what will this do to the global food chain in the end? In addition, humans eat cows, chickens and pigs but beef, poultry and pork is not what we think now is it?<br />
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Ingredients of Legal Animal Feed Used By Factory Farms<br />
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Now keeping in mind what these animals are being fed we in turn feed off them.<br />
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Animal Protein Products: consist of rendered intestines, blood, feathers, skin, hooves and hair. Also, carcasses of rendered horses, dogs, cats and or road kill.<br />
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Manure-Animal Waste: Animal feed can contain chicken litter, pig waste and cow manure inclusive with ground dirt, sand, rocks and wood particles. All the while this filler contains digested meats from all these animals.<br />
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Slaughtered Meat-Diseased Animals: Pigs, chickens and turkeys including the diseased that have been fed rendered cattle can be slaughtered, mixed with animal feed and fed back to farm animals including cows. These animals are later slaughtered once again, mixed with feed and fed back to the cow and farm animals.<br />
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Excessive Amounts of Grain: Digestive systems in cattle are not tolerant to excessive amounts of corn and health related problems such as abscesses of the liver and acidic digestive tract create further ingredients into their diets, drugs.<br />
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Antibiotics-Chemicals: To prevent disease in crowed animal farms or factories, antibiotics are used to combat this and the stressful lifespan of an animal in these unsanitary conditions. Also is used to enhance the rate of growth and are added to feed on a routine bases. This has caused concern for antibiotic-resistant bacteria which can also affect humans. To manage parasites in chickens certain antimicrobials are used which again enhance the rate of growth. However, they contain arsenic, a human carcinogen and runoff from farm factories can contaminate meat and ground water.<br />
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Pellet Fibre Plastics: As with humans animals need fibre in their diets for proper digestion and although intentions may be in the best interest of the animal factory farms are instead using pellets which contain plastics in their efforts to replace the fibre that lacks in their feed.<br />
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Genetically Engineered Feed Seed<br />
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Taking this one step further, genetically modifying their food supply by inserting DNA from plants, animals, bacteria, pesticides and insects into feed seed, cows; pigs; geese; elk; squirrels; mice and rats have been tested and by natural instinct they have refused to eat GM or GE food.<br />
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What does this tell us? Nature has a built in instinct that causes animals to avoid foods derived from unnatural sources, an ingenious characteristic. However, we humans seem to lack this genetic trait as we have been consuming just about everything we've been creating in regards to food production, drugs, chemicals and now GE and GM foods.<br />
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Furthermore, this crucial tell-tale sign is being ignored and these poor animals are being forced fed through tubes to ingest GE and GM food. How can this not disrupt the laws of nature when it's already becoming obvious? As a result of these forced fed methods, animals already have become diseased or have died.<br />
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Now let's add GE feed to this disgusting list of the above ingredients law allows into feed already. They are stuffing these animals with just about anything and everything that can be scooped up mulched and recycled into the most horrifying edible food invention known. This is innovation?<br />
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This can only raise new questions which I'm sure many have never considered or even thought of.<br />
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- What will they do with the diseased and dead animals affected by this new food?<br />
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- Will they be slaughtered and fed back to humans and pets?<br />
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- Or will they become food once again for other farm animals which in the end we eat anyway?<br />
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- Or will they simply be slaughtered and used as fertilizer?<br />
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- Maybe they're buried only for their diseased bodies consisting of GE DNA from the above list to become part of the soil we grow our food in, the soil all living plants thrive in?<br />
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Cloned Animals<br />
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Furthermore once again, let's consider this newly approved cloning of animals for human consumption. Cloned animals will be consuming the remains of cloned animals from their feed which initially these cloned animals were raised on GE or GM feed. Then again once their purpose has ended and they age they are again slaughtered and mixed with more GM or GE feed only to be fed back to the next generation of cloned animals and humans. In turn this new generation is later slaughtered only for this whole process to repeat itself over generations of livestock, only to be fed back to humans.<br />
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Now should this recycled system cause some public concern here? Any rationalized thinking person would no doubt be seriously concerned with this inhumane method of feeding any living animal or mammal let alone humans.<br />
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The question now is, how will insertion of foreign DNA into any species over and over, affect the original genetic code of animals and humans alike in generations thereafter? <br />
No one knows of course because long term testing has never been an issue or done considering the FDA has taken for granted this system is safe in its approval of cloned animal foods, GE, and GM foods. One method alone is enough for concern but when cloning animals and Genetic Engineering are mixed into the same pot, the brew will be anything but natural, more likely disastrous.<br />
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Now when you take this system and modify it again by adding cloned animal waste, mixed DNA and human waste used for fertilizing crops, more disturbing questions need to be answered here.<br />
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- How could this affect the soil that most of our food comes from?<br />
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- How could it affect insects, organisms and plant life which feed off this soil?<br />
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- How could it affect our future crops and global food supply?<br />
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- And what are the chances of gene mutation affecting this soil and what lives in it?<br />
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- And lastly the genetic code of all living things affected could very well be altered however, by the time any of these issues wreck havoc or are even dealt with pollination will have done its damage.<br />
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- To branch this out even further, what about the pesticides injected in this animal feed, into our crop seeds?<br />
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- Additionally if by nature animals refuse to eat this type of food, what affect will this have on animal population in the wild when pollination spreads. Migration to avoid unnatural plant foods, wild animals will be competing for decreased food supply.<br />
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Have they simply ignored the importance of these underlying questions? We have no guarantees of anything. And one day every natural living plant and animal including our famous weed plants will have by force acquired the DNA from foreign organisms and species into their genetic code including humans.<br />
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How can we even begin to comprehend any of this?<br />
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How can any human being design such inhumane methods of food production? <br />
According to my own instincts as a mammal, this man made solution to feed the world is by far the most disturbing unnatural innovative discovery known to Man Kind. These claims to feed the world seem to justify all this when in fact patenting global food supply is the true motive. And I can only hope that I can help reach enough people to make an impact.<br />
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We need to re-direct our current focus on the menial for now and focus on preventing a disastrous future. If we can do this, then maybe these conglomerates devising these inhumane practices can then focus on something other then themselves and the massive amounts of profit available from patenting the world's food supply which should never have been considered in the first place. Global control is very foreseeable in the near future.<br />
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By nature we are by instinct supposed to realize and learn from the drastic measures we take in order to survive as a species of this planet. As for nature taking care of its own, if we do not learn to live with nature rather than destroy it then nature will simply remove us.<br />
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A traditional favicon is actually a Microsoft Windows ICO file. An ICO file is actually a repository of bitmap like images. They are used because in some locations a 16x16 pixel image is desired, and sometimes a 32x32 image may be needed. Sometimes a 16 color image is desired, and sometimes a 256 color icon is desired.<br />
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You probably already knew all of the above.<br />
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But did you know that Firefox can display animated favicons? If you don't believe me, open Firefox and go to my site, bsleek.com (there should be a link at the bottom of the article). if you don't have Firefox, download it, it's a "must have" and you will quickly fall in love with the simplicity and convenience of tabbed browsing. Even if you are not a designer but just a site owner, in today's environment you absolutely must know how your site looks in all browsers. You would think that all websites should look the same, but as browsers become more diverse and more sophisticated, standards are not respected and things can get messy. For example, I just discovered that a few pages on my site don't look as expected in the latest version of Opera and need to be adjusted.<br />
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Ok, I hope by now you saw my animated favicon in Firefox and came back to the article to learn more about it...<br />
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The main reason why you can see animated favicons in Firefox is because Firefox abolished the proprietary ICO format in favor of the ability to display any supported image format in the favicon location, including BMP, JPG, GIF, PNG and... animated GIFs.<br />
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So now you know the big secret, the animated favicon is nothing but a tiny animated GIF.<br />
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Here's a very neat trick, that can actually be used to visualize how any image looks like as a 16x16 pixel icon - once you start designing one of those, you will realize that it is extremely hard to produce a legible image on a 16 square pixels canvas:<br />
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Find any page with any graphic that you are interested in. Right click the image and chose "View Image" from the dialog. A blank page should display with your chosen image and surprise: you can see a miniature 16x16 copy of the image as a favicon! Uhh... do I have to mention again that we are doing all this in Firefox?<br />
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A hacker's mind will immediately think of how great it would be to use this feature as a conversion tool. Unfortunately, unlike Internet Explorer and Opera, Firefox doesn't store FavIcons in .ico files, the icons are stored in an encoded format directly in the bookmark file.<br />
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You can apply the same principle to animated GIFs and you will notice that a miniature version of the animation also plays in the address bar and on the tabs.<br />
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Perhaps one of the main reasons why you don't see that many sites using animations is browser compatibility. Animated favicons are not treated at all by Internet Explorer. A static image will not be extracted from the animation either. Instead, the default .htm icon (as defined in Windows' filetypes) will be placed under one's Favorites - once added, that is. The animations are not supported by Netscape, Opera, Konqueror, Safari; at least so it seems at the time of this writing. The Firefox family seems to be the only friend to animations, yet as browsers evolve, broader support for animation will probably come along (or, the concept will die).<br />
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So, why not take advantage of this *now* and 'beat the rush'?<br />
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Basically, this is how it's done:<br />
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1. You make a 16x16 animated GIF.<br />
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2. You upload the animated GIF to the "root" of your site, or to any other location.<br />
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3. You hardcode in your page the location where Firefox should look for the animation.<br />
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That's really it, "big picture" wise.<br />
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If you don't feel too creative or just don't have time and/or patience, a reputable professional design firm (such as Bsleek) should be able to make a nice animated favicon for you. Another option - I don't endorse it, as your goal should be to excel through unique content and push your own image out there - is to find one of the many galleries online and either download a ready made animated favicon or take a large animated GIF and resize it and/or edit it in one of the many available tools. There also are sites that offer online animated favicon creation from a standard image (check out chami.com, find "FavIcon from pics", they have a simple but neat scrolling text feature).<br />
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If you are however a fellow do-it-yourselfer, then let's elaborate and look at some techniques and useful tips:<br />
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As far as tools go: If you are a lucky owner of Adobe's excellent Photoshop, then you also have a companion application called ImageReady. Linux users have Gimp, an incredibly powerful and free graphics application that can easily handle animated GIF creation. What many people don't know is that Gimp is also available for free for Windows and the Mac. There is also GIMPShop in the wild, which is a nifty GIMP version for the photoshop-inclined audience (did I mention free?). There are also many specialized GIF animation makers, some freeware, some not.<br />
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Things to remember when designing animated favicons:<br />
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You have control over the number of times your animation will play. Any decent animated GIF editor will ask you whether you want your animation to play once, several times (you specify a number) or forever. It is also important to know that after the animation cycled the predetermined amount of time, it will remain still on the last frame (not the first one!), so make sure that frame contains the image you want displayed at the end of the cycle.<br />
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If you really need to, you can set it to loop continuously.<br />
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However, out of curtsey to those paranoid about their computer resources being eaten alive by your animation and to those who find animated things in general terribly annoying, I always recommend that you set up a finite number of times your GIF will cycle through the animated sequence. 6 sounds like a good, conservative number, 12 is on the medium side.<br />
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By limiting the number of times your GIF plays, you might even set a cool viral marketing effect, where visitors will just click through your pages to see the animation start over. I clearly remember when I first saw an animated favicon years ago (on the first iterations of the Mozilla browser), the animation was set up to cycle once, and I found myself refreshing the pages over and over, and even clicking through the site just to see it again and again. I don't care what anyone says, people are attracted to eye candy.<br />
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So you made your animation and are very proud of it. Now it is time to upload it to your web server. You can put it anywhere you want, in any folder you desire. The old school webmasters who follow Microsoft's teachings will be very much appalled by this statement. They will tell you that if you don't name your icon favicon.ico and if you don't put in the very root of your site, it will not work. With Firefox and animated favicons things are very liberal, you can name your animation anything you want (.gif) and place it anywhere you want. You just have to place a special tag on every page that points to the gif.<br />
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Here is the big problem: All this works fine in Firefox, but what about the rest of the browsers?<br />
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Well, for maximum compatibility you'll have to make a regular favicon.ico and upload it to the root of your website (that's where your very first index.xxx home page is, where xxx is htm, html, php, cfm, etc..). Then we'll add the following two lines of code to every page that you want to pull and display the animation.<br />
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Please remember to replace the "{" and "}" brackets with the standard HTML ones, "". I had to use the curly ones here in order not to confuse article sites. The code has to be placed between the {HEAD} tag and the {TITLE} tags. It might possibly work otherwise, but your HTML code will not be fully W3C compliant:<br />
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{LINK REL="SHORTCUT ICON" HREF="http://www.mydomain.com/favicon.ico"} <br />
{LINK REL="icon" HREF="http://www.mydomain.com/favicon.gif" TYPE="image/gif"}<br />
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Of course, replace "mydomain.com" with your own domain, favicon.ico is a standard favicon, favicon.gif is your newly created animated GIF. Again, it can as well be mydomain.com/somefolder/somename.gif.<br />
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Always hardcode the location, use absolute addresses (as in the example) and not relative ones ("../favicon.gif").<br />
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The first line of code is a standard, a-la Microsoft command that tells the majority of browsers to load a standard favicon.ico.<br />
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The second line of code is for Firefox only, instructing the browser to load the animated version.<br />
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As a side note, if you forgot to add the two lines of code to a page, that page should pick the default favicon.ico, but only if you already loaded it via one page that had the code in it, or if the page was bookmarked. Additionally, sometimes, Internet Explorer will just refuse to show a favicon...<br />
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If the above sounds strange (if it doesn't, what are you doing reading my articles??), I talk about how to create a favicon.ico and about some of the favicon's stranger behaviors in my other related articles. Just Google for "The Favicon, an untapped image promotion trick" (with quotes).<br />
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One last thing: I feel that this article will not be complete if I don't support those folks who look at the animated favicons the same way the world looks at the text blink "feature" from the early nineties and would like to forever wipe it of the face of the web.<br />
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You can disable favicons - animated or not & site icons in Firefox. Here's how:<br />
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Open a Firefox window. Type "about:config", without the quotes, in the address bar. Hit enter or click Go. Scroll down slightly to "browser.chrome.favicons" and double click it to change it to "false". This gets rid of the favicons. If you also want to stop seeing site icons, then look right below for "browser.chrome.site_icons", double click it to change it to "false". Close all Firefox windows. When you reopen Firefox, the pesky little icons should be gone.<br />
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<br />
Although these kinds of belief systems are widely varied, many see us as more <br />
closely related to other creatures, both physically and spiritually. Here, I will <br />
examine a few of these non-Western ideologies and compare their conceptions of <br />
the human-animal relationship to each other and to Western ideas.<br />
<br />
Several cultures which hold traditionally animistic religious beliefs share the concept <br />
of a time long ago during which humans were animals and vice versa. In this <br />
"Distant Time," "Dreamtime" or "Mythtime," as it is variously referred to, animals <br />
were able to take human form. Most animals, it is believed, once possessed human <br />
souls, and some cultures think that they still do, although the average person is now <br />
unable to perceive them. Folklorist Charles L. Edwards hints that this idea may have <br />
evolved out of a memory of a much earlier period in the evolution of the human <br />
species, when the common ancestor of both humans and apes roamed the earth. <br />
This apelike being lived no differently from the other predatory mammals who <br />
shared his environment. Some of his offspring later began the process of change <br />
and adaptation that would produce our species. "In outwitting his foes, instead of <br />
throttling them the diverging elementary man began to make plans of strategy." As <br />
their thought process grew more complex, Edwards argues, early humans expanded <br />
their thinking beyond their immediate surroundings and contemplated the unseen <br />
forces that governed their world. "[T]hese forces took form in the gods who dwelt <br />
beyond the clouds, and the myths of cosmogony and transformation arose." Now, <br />
when people belonging to animistic traditions look for ways of explaining the <br />
phenomena around them and of connecting their rituals to the greater processes of <br />
continuing cyclical transformation, they recall the time when myths were formed, <br />
when humans were much closer to other animals than we are today.<br />
<br />
Edwards connects the deep sense of spiritual communion with other beings out of <br />
which myth and belief in the supernatural arise to the formative period in the <br />
development of each human being known as childhood. He relates a story of his <br />
own childhood and the time he spent watching ants in his backyard, inventing <br />
stories to match the escapades of "the ant-people." He envisions them as soldiers <br />
engaged in various industries at peacetime, but in wartime displaying "remarkable <br />
valor and extraordinary strategy." This depth of imagination, which is now the <br />
exclusive domain of children, is the fertile ground from which spring "the miracles <br />
of transformation" and the deeper sense of connection through the <br />
anthropomorphism of playful storymaking. "So we see in the child, as in primitive <br />
people [sic], the projection of his own fancies born of fear, or love, or desire, into <br />
the things about him which then become personified."<br />
<br />
For many non-Westerners, the rituals associated with storytelling and traditional <br />
practice comprise an extension and evolution of childhood, where the wonder and <br />
intimacy in the natural world they experienced as children develops into a greater <br />
understanding of ourselves and other forms of life. Most Western adults are, on the <br />
surface, all too eager to put childhood behind them. Our deep longing to connect <br />
to the wider life community manifests itself in other ways, though, such as our <br />
feelings towards our companion animals.<br />
<br />
The Distant Time stories of the Koyukon people, who inhabit the boreal forests of <br />
central Alaska, show another instance of the interrelatedness of humans and other <br />
animals in a non-Western culture. Once again, the time when human-animal <br />
transformations occurred is seen as a dreamlike phase in the formation of the earth <br />
and cosmos: <br />
<br />
During this age [Distant Time] 'the animals were human'--that is, <br />
they had human form, they lived in a human society, and they spoke human <br />
(Koyukon) language. At some point in the Distant Time certain humans died and <br />
were transformed into animal or plant beings [...] These dreamlike metamorphoses <br />
left a residue of human qualities and personality traits in the north-woods <br />
creatures.<br />
Distant Time stories account for natural features and occurrences, as well as for the <br />
physical forms and personalities of the animals. The myths also dictate how they <br />
must be treated. Since the animals were once human, the Koyukon believe, they can <br />
understand and are aware of human actions, words and thoughts. Although the <br />
spirits of some animals are more potent than others, it is important to treat all <br />
animals with respect because they can cause grief and bad luck for those who do <br />
otherwise. Because Koyukon people were no different from other animals in Distant <br />
Time and because of the awareness and power of animal spirits, it may appear that <br />
they do not conceive of a separation between human and animal realms. However, <br />
the Koyukon believe that only humans possess a soul which is different from the <br />
animals' spirits. But because they accept that humans were created by a human- <br />
animal (the Raven), the distinction is less sharp than in Western cultures. The <br />
similarities between us and other animals derive not as much from the animal <br />
nature of humans as from the human nature of animals, having been human in <br />
Distant Time.<br />
<br />
The relative absence of a boundary between the human and animal realms figures <br />
widely in the mythology of the Inuit and Eskimo. Their stories of a similar time long <br />
ago explain the way they see their world and also guide their traditional <br />
observances, rituals and overall lifestyle, much as the Distant Time stories do for <br />
the Koyukon. Just as the myths account for such things as the shape of the land, <br />
the cycles of sun, moon and seasons and the generation of all life forms, they also <br />
dictate how each person is to play his or her role in society. Tom Lowenstein <br />
investigates this phenomenon amongst the Inuit of Tikigaq Peninsula in <br />
northwestern Alaska in a poetic book entitled Ancient Land, Sacred Whale. <br />
For these people, the annual whale hunt and the elaborate preparations for it <br />
reenact a mythic cycle. The rituals surrounding the whale hunt represent a complex <br />
interplay between them and the spirit of the whale, whose power is seen as greater <br />
than that of humans. Their belief system comprehends the union of many <br />
opposites, including the human and animal. "Just as Raven Man had the double <br />
character of bird and human, and the uliuaqtaq [unmarried woman who marries <br />
Raven Man in the story] was a double creative/destructive presence , so the whale <br />
was perceived in terms of two main elements: animal and land." By reenacting the <br />
ages-old epic every spring, the Tikigaq Inuit play an essential role in keeping the <br />
forces of nature in balance, thereby ensuring their survival and livelihood.<br />
<br />
A central aspect of the religious traditions of several Eskimo tribes of northeastern <br />
Canada and Greenland is the existence of the Sea Mother, who is both as a real <br />
creature living on the ocean floor and a spirit residing within sea creatures (as well <br />
as land creatures, according to some tribes). The ancient story of her coming to be <br />
the spiritual ruler of the submarine world is similar across these cultures and it <br />
serves to bind the animal and human worlds together. According to one version of <br />
the story, the Sea Mother (who goes by different names, Sedna being one of the <br />
most recognized) was once a young woman living with her father. She had refused <br />
to marry, but a sea bird disguised as a man succeeds in winning her hand and <br />
whisks her across the sea. Her life with him is miserable, and eventually her father <br />
comes and takes her with him in his boat. The bird-man is furious, so he causes a <br />
windstorm which capsizes the boat. The woman is left hanging on by her fingertips. <br />
In anger and desperation, her father decides to amputate her fingers, each of which <br />
becomes a sea creature as it drops into the water. Once the last finger is cut, the <br />
woman sinks to the sea floor, where she becomes the Sea Mother, having dominion <br />
over the souls of the creatures made from her fingers.<br />
<br />
Since the Eskimo depend on sea creatures for most of their food supply, keeping the <br />
Sea Mother happy is an important aspect of their endeavors. She is seen as having <br />
control of the souls of many creatures, which are able to take either animal or <br />
human form, and as a union of opposites. Her power is respected as greater than <br />
the human because people are utterly dependent on other creatures for survival. <br />
However, she is also scorned because of her refusal to join human society (which is <br />
indicated by her refusal to marry) and her insistence on living in a dream world. The <br />
human/animal boundary is central to the Sea Mother's status both as an abject <br />
outcast and as a great power to be feared and obeyed. The people's lukewarm <br />
relationship with her is indicative of their respect for and struggle with the animals <br />
and the natural world, with which they must maintain the proper balance in order to <br />
ensure survival and sustainability.<br />
<br />
In "Witches' Transformations into Animals," M. A. Murray investigates an example of <br />
human-animal transformation in a Western setting which took place among witches <br />
in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century England and France, as well as in colonial <br />
New England. These witches carried on pre-Christian traditions. Each witch's <br />
transformation ability was limited to one or two animals, usually a cat or a hare, but <br />
occasionally a dog, mouse, crow, rock or bee. Transformation was accomplished <br />
"by being invested with the skin of the creature, by the utterance of magical words, <br />
the making of magical gestures, the wearing of a magical object [amulet], or the <br />
performance of magical ceremonies." These methods appear as motifs in many <br />
cultures. "Distant Time" stories tell of humans becoming animals by doing any of <br />
these things, and shamans continue this practice in several places. Another <br />
common belief which Murray argues is a corollary to zoomorphism is that wounds a <br />
person receives while in the shape of an animal remain on the body after a return to <br />
the human form. Witches saw taking on the form of their particular species as a <br />
way of becoming one with that animal's spirit, as shamans use ritual objects made <br />
of animal parts to communicate with the spirit world.<br />
<br />
Jean Buxton examines animal and human identities in the traditional culture of the <br />
Mandari people of southern Sudan in "Animal Identity and Human Peril." For these <br />
people, the physical location where an animal lives relative to the human homestead <br />
and village determines its cultural and spiritual status. Like many Westerners, the <br />
Mandari draw a sharp line between the animals of the home (dogs and other <br />
domesticated animals), the animals of the village (cattle and other farmed animals), <br />
and animals of the three tiers of the wild, separated according to distance from the <br />
village.<br />
<br />
Dogs are by far the most important animals, and are the closest to people physically <br />
and emotionally. Mandari mythology contains stories of ancient people who had <br />
dogs with horns that were featured in rain rituals. Owners of "horned" dogs had <br />
higher stature than those with "hornless" dogs. The Mandari also believe that <br />
primal dogs could speak and warn people of impending danger, and that it was the <br />
dog who taught humans the use of fire, enabling them to become more social <br />
beings. In short, the dog "is represented as needed and liked, and as reciprocating <br />
these attitudes." Cattle also have an important role considering their appearance in <br />
myth, their long-standing ties with people, and their economic and social <br />
importance. They do not, however, enjoy the same emotional attachment to the <br />
Mandari that dogs have. Although chickens are also considered animals of the <br />
homestead, their dual classification as "birds of the above" causes them to lack <br />
innate dignity. Therefore, it is permissible to slaughter them with impunity.<br />
<br />
Contrarily, wild animals who inhabit homesteads, though categorized as "wild <br />
nature," are often given immunity from human-induced harm because of their <br />
location in the homestead. Just outside the village lies the realm of semi-domestic <br />
and scavenger animals, and further beyond lies the habitat of game and predator <br />
animals. It is here where the line between human and animal solidifies. While dogs <br />
and cattle are given the "dignity and integrity of 'psyche'," game animals and those <br />
capable of killing people are not seen as deserving of any respect. One notable <br />
exception is the leopard, which is seen as more "like a person" and is given <br />
elaborate death rites. "Mandari are quite clear about the basic separation between <br />
man and animal, and of the fact that while man is a part of the animal world, an <br />
animal is never a man."<br />
<br />
Although the concept of the boundary between humans and animals varies between <br />
cultures, there are few examples of people for whom humans are absolutely no <br />
different from the other creatures with whom we share our world. In the cultures <br />
examined here, the existence of well-defined roles for each species, which are <br />
generally learned through myths that describe how each animal got its place in the <br />
living community, defines the way animals are regarded and what spiritual <br />
significance they are given. The grand variability of ideas about the human/animal <br />
division is indicative of our species' multifaceted relationship with other species. <br />
The fact that humans are almost universally seen as unique may, in some respects, <br />
serve to qualify the uniqueness of nonhuman animal species. Certainly, for non- <br />
Western cultures especially, our exceptionality does not always make us the most <br />
powerful or important species. It only serves to define our place in the natural <br />
world and, in many cases, to deepen our connection to other species.<br />
<br />
Malcolm Kenton is a sophomore and full-time student at Guilford College in North Carolina, where he is majoring in Environmental Studies and Political Science. His interests include activism on behalf of animal protection and the environment, politics, computers, music and reading and writing. He resides in Greensboro, North Carolina. He was the editor of his high school newspaper and has had op-ed pieces published in the Greensboro News and Record.<br />
<br />
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<img alt="dog animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeH81v5VYPbUKINTdhCtdQZrr0j_xAIcBUAkw5QIeXuh1-SO-XIBMbodSK3yylCdQrGKUYAsKLT1N7NBHwez8d6WrMdaX60gafJh7gS6eM6PCb_waki9tEPRUs9sXqxTXcH5PicfbbiM1-/s320/dog.jpg" title="dog animal" /><br />
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<img alt="dog animal" src="http://www.animalmedicalclinicmilpitas.com/clients/1712/images/dog_cat.jpg" title="dog animal" />adminhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14768363354611659042noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7412523339961171648.post-47588520595052652722012-07-04T19:47:00.000-07:002012-07-04T19:47:10.576-07:00Humans Have The Intelligence - Animals Have The Smarts<b> Humans have the highest IQ; but animals have vastly more commonsense. How so</b>? Let's consider various settings, starting with one we all share - time and space.<br />
<br />
TIME & SPACE<br />
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Wake Up: Animals will wake up when their biological clocks tell them it's time to wake up. Humans wake up when the alarm clock rings!<br />
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Going to Sleep: Animals go to sleep when their biological clocks tell them to go to sleep (including catnaps). Humans go to sleep after their favourite TV program finishes, like the late, late show! Humans push the boundaries and often refuse to rest even when their bodies tell them it's desirable. An afternoon catnap ultimately increases productivity, but how many workplaces encourage napping (even briefly) on the job?<br />
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Time: All animals have a sense of time, a biological clock. However, unlike humans, one cannot suggest that animals are anywhere near as obsessed with time as are humans. Humans, like animals, regulate their activities by the 'clock', only with humans it tends to be not a vague time, like with animals - just sometime soon as long as the Sun's up - but timed to not only the minute, but often the second. The factory whistle; the timing (start and stop) of a sports event; the start of your TV program, are all programmed down to the second. New Years Day isn't New Years Day until precisely the tiniest split second post midnight. Scientific measurements are down to the nanosecond; that phone call is expected at exactly 9:15 a.m., etc. You'd be hard-pressed to imagine an animal needing to wear a wristwatch or operate a stopwatch!<br />
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Holidays & Anniversaries; Animals attach zero importance to holidays and anniversaries. Humans are obsessed with them, an obsession which often takes a financial, social, physical and mental toll.<br />
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Vacations & Weekends: Animals don't need a break from their daily routine. Humans require (or at least think they do) annual (or more frequent) time off and away from the routine, not to mention the "thank god it's Friday" syndrome. What does that really say about modern human society?<br />
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Territory: Animals will occupy and defend as much territory as is necessary for their survival and the continuation of their species. Humans however will often try to possess and rule over as much territory, property, as possible, sometimes for economic (investment) reasons; often for sheer power for the sake of power. Humans are rarely satisfied with what they control - they always want more and More and MORE. [See also: Domination]<br />
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MATTER & ENERGY<br />
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Possessions: Animals have no urge to acquire things, other than that required for survival (like building a nest or storing away food for the winter). Humans - well, what's the expression, "keeping up with the Jones family" or "shop till you drop"!<br />
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FILL WHAT'S EMPTY<br />
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Eating #1: Wild animals, who don't know when and where their next meal might come from, will make hay while the sun shines. Humans, even when they know where and when their next meal comes from, will still over indulge, especially on certain festive or special occasions. [See also: Obesity]<br />
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Eating #2: An animal, assuming food is available, will eat when it is hungry - a natural state of affairs. A human will eat according to a schedule, at fixed times, when the dining room is open, when the office clock and the boss says "go to lunch now", regardless of need - an artificial (phoney) state of affairs.<br />
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Eating #3: A wild animal eats natural foods, as Mother Nature (natural selection & evolution) intended it should. Humans tend to eat processed foods, full of preservatives and other artificial chemicals (all to after-the-fact found to be harmful, maybe even carcinogenic), often laden with additional salts, sugars, fats, and other tasty bits that don't usually give the human any additional nutritional benefits.<br />
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Obesity: A few companion animals are allowed to overeat and put on too much weight, because their owners, out of 'kindness' overfeed them. However, most cats and dogs, etc. are pretty good at self-regulating their intake and saying "enough" when it's enough, even if presented with an unlimited food supply. In humans, the obesity epidemic in the developed world, like the USA, Australia and similar countries is totally out of control despite thousands of diet books, articles, DVDs, websites and fitness gyms seemingly on every street corner. Now I have a normal quota of male hormones, but a good third of all females between 15 and 35 don't rate a first glance, far less a second because they are very unpleasingly plump (and that's being kind).<br />
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EMPTY WHAT'S FULL<br />
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Bathroom/Toilet: Animals go potty when the need arises. Humans go after the meeting or during intermissions, whatever. Such restrictions are often unpleasant, but humans impose such restrictions on themselves. Animals have no sympathy for us.<br />
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Greenhouse Gases: My cats can certainly pass wind. Cows and methane are a well know duo. Humans are expected to refrain from emitting greenhouses in the presence of others other than exhaled carbon dioxide and water vapour.<br />
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SCRATCH WHERE IT ITCHES<br />
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Itches & Twitches: If an animal itches, it scratches and doesn't give a damn if anything or anybody is observing. Humans, in the company of polite society at least, usually refrain from scratching, especially in certain places. They suffer the itchy/twitchy consequences!<br />
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PHYSICAL ACTIONS<br />
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Good vs. Evil: Animals are neither good nor evil - those are human inventions or concepts. There are no animal equivalents of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. There's no point in saying "good doggie" or "bad pussy cat" since they have no concept of "good" or "bad". They may have learned what is and is not acceptable behaviour (what does and does not piss you off) but they do not understand why. While not every human transforms from good to evil and back again, and again, every human, unlike an animal, is theoretically capable of having a dual good/evil personality. Individuals' aside, when looking at any large sample of humans, the dual nature becomes obvious.<br />
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Revenge & Justice: No animal deliberately plots and executes revengeful actions or has hidden agendas. What you see is what you get. Animals don't fly planes into skyscrapers. Animals couldn't even conceive of such a scenario in their wildest dreams. Humans on the other hand - need I say more?<br />
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Law & Order: All animal societies have some sort of internal regulation system which almost seems to be ingrained or hardwired. Such regulation usually doesn't go much beyond the parents keeping the cubs in line and ensuring they don't put themselves in harms way. Humans on the other hand have formalized their regulation of themselves to such an extreme degree that comparing the regulation of human society to say self-regulation of massive ant, termite or bee colony societies (which does just fine without cops and lawyers), is comparing not so much apples and oranges as the simplicity of a single electron with the complexity of the global weather system. How is it that an animal society can regulate itself without the need for a massive judicial infrastructure and requirement for highly specialized legal eagles and law enforcers?<br />
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Killing #1: Animals kill only as necessary for their own survival, both in defence as well as obtaining food for themselves and perhaps offspring. Humans kill out of sheer sadistic pleasure, for so-called 'sport', often just because they can. My cats, if they wanted to, kill garden snails - the weight of one paw would do it. However, snails are not food and pose no threat to them, so it's live and let live. That's unlike many humans who if they see a snail, a snail doing no harm to them or anything else, just delight in stomping on them - an 80 kg human vs. an 8 gm snail is no contest. Now that's if the snail is lucky. All too often the sadistic human will just step on the animal lightly enough to crack the shell, leaving the snail helpless to either dry out in the sun or be at the mercy of the ants. It's a very sad state of affairs that such examples can be expanded on by many orders of magnitude over a very wide range of species.<br />
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Killing #2: If an animal wants to kill a human it has to get up close and personal. The reverse isn't of necessity true. I wonder how brave our so-called 'sportsmen' hunters would be if the animals they hunted could shoot back. The concept of 'sport' is about equal contests and the same rules for all. Hunting animals therefore is not sport and it is high time the glorification of sport was divorced from hunting, which is anything but a glorious activity. The exception might be if the hunter is putting food on the table, but again, that's not a 'sport'.<br />
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Creativity & Technology #1: Some animals can be creative and 'manufacture' and use 'technology' like animals that pull off twigs and fashion them to stick into termite mounds in order to pull out a termite snack, or making use of materials to build a nest. But that 'technology' never backfires and bites them on the bum. Humans invent cars, but we have a road toll. We have electricity and accidents happen. We construct nuclear plants then have to worry about terrorism. We have created computers, and thus evolved the inevitable computer hacker and the computer virus. We manufacture all sorts of synthetic chemicals then wonder what to do with the toxic waste (actually we don't wonder at all what to do with it - we dump it in the sea or the air since the solution to pollution is dilution).<br />
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Creativity & Technology #2: Animals get along quite nicely thank you very much without Facebook, Twitter, iPads, email, mobile phones, Internet message boards, text-messaging, etc. Any human being, especially under the age of 40, and really, really especially under the age of 20, deprived of such technology becomes a basket case in nanoseconds! Attention to all those who feel the need to SMS 24/7: freedom is not being tied to your mobile phone; in contact with the rest of the world 24/7! Once upon a time, not all that long ago, human civilization (including teenagers therein) survived and thrived via communications that depended on smoke signals, semaphore flags and the pony express. If you really needed fast, there was the overland telegraph!<br />
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Domination: Humans Rule, OK? Left to itself, Mother Nature finds its own non-static, ever changing balance, in good times and bad times. Animals clearly affect that balance and in turn are affected by it. However, no animal species seeks to call the shots and exert ultimate control over that balance - no species except one of course, and no prizes for guessing what that species is. Humans decide, via some sort of divine right the fate and makeup of Earth's ecosystems; what lives, what dies, in what ratios, what the landscape will be like, ever manipulating to find that balance that best suits us, which is going to be as far removed from a natural balance as it is possible to get. Take any human dominated environmental landscape. Remove the human element. Will that environmental landscape or ecosystem remain as is, as humans made it, or undergo a radical shift back to Mother Nature's balance? Look no further than the typical backyard ecosystem/garden. It wouldn't take long before natural change would render it unrecognizable if neglected by the garden's occupants. If humans went poof, Earth would soon (in relatively minor geological time frames) become equally as unrecognizable as that household garden, or rather as recognizable as it was before humans came along with delusions of grandeur.<br />
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MENTAL CONCEPTS<br />
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Birth, Death & Deities: Animals have no concept of their own death, hence an afterlife. They have no remembrance of their conception and probably their birth and of the concept of creation. Animals therefore have no need of religion and deities. Animals therefore have to carry around a lot less philosophical baggage. Humans however are obsessed with these concepts, really all unnecessary philosophical baggage IMHO.<br />
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Economics & Finance: No animal jumped out of windows at the start of the Great Depression. They lose no shuteye over the tax man, and bills are something on ducks.<br />
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Lifestyle: Animals don't need to go to the 'beauty' parlour for a quick pick-me-up. The whole idea of a social scene - the right venue, the in-crowd, being seen with the 'right' people - is totally foreign to them. What to wear is a non-issue. The current must have fashions (doomed to be out of date within months if not less) is just so much ho-hum. There's no need or desire for tattoos and body piercing. The latest celebrity scandal in the tabloids is a non-event. Collectables aren't. A snazzy sports car or any other boy toy is boring. Animals don't suffer from information overload. Because animals don't purchase any products, they can't be held responsible for any litter that arises (of which there is plenty). Humans however engage in this ever ongoing, never ending, pursuit in quest of the 'good life' and are usually never satisfied. Animals just enjoy life as best they can one day at a time - they live for the moment.<br />
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Drugs: Animals do not wilfully harm themselves with substances foreign to their day-to-day survival. Humans - well there's caffeine, smoking, drinking alcohol, all sorts of recreational drugs with varying degrees of mental addiction and artificial 'stimulation'. Need one say more!<br />
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Harmful Habits: Animals do not engage in habits harmful to their wellbeing other than what's required for basic survival, like say a predator taking on prey way larger than itself, defending your offspring from attack, or herds crossing a raging river on an annual migration. Then there are head-butting type contests over mating rights, but they usually result in a back-down, not death or extreme injury. Of course animals are still hardwired for the natural environment. Their eons ago development and evolution hasn't caught up with our modern civilization yet, and so dogs may chase cars, and the road kill is additional evidence of how humans put animals in harms way - they don't do it because they are suicidal. Humans, well from tattoos to body piercing to baking in the sun for an unnecessary suntan to extreme sports, humans like to take on risk without any possible actual additional benefit. Habits aside, humans, usually young macho males with way too much testosterone, like to put themselves in harms way - demonstrate the 'right' stuff. Pity more of them didn't end up with a Darwin Award and remove themselves from the gene pool! I'll drink to that since such self-destruct events wouldn't bother me one iota.<br />
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Mental Health: Animals, left to their own devices, are in no need of a shrink. It's only when humans try to force a (square) companion animal into their requirement of a (round) behavioural hole that problems arise. Companion animals under the influence of their human associations have 'need' of pet psychologists, or at least some of them apparently do according to the human, and really it's ultimately the human's fault. Do you think any wild animals have any such need of a shrink? No? I didn't think so. Humans of course are often on the couch for counselling and therapy of one sort or another; the list way to long to detail in a short essay.<br />
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Isms: Animals do not discriminate on the grounds of gender or appearance. A ginger male cat will accept or reject a black male cat on grounds that have nothing to do with fur colour. A white female cat might pick and choose between lots of male cats and reject them all - that doesn't mean she's sexist or prefers female cats. Humans on the other hand, accept or reject other humans on just such distinctions, plus a whole host of other 'isms' that animals have no conception of in the first place.<br />
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Opinions: Animals ask no questions; tell no lies; mind their own business; take everything at face value. Humans - can you say the same about you and the rest of the human race? Let's face it; humans do anything but mind their own business. They happily pass judgements on any other lifestyle (especially one involving sex in any shape manner or form) that doesn't conform to their own moral standards.<br />
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HUMAN-ANIMAL INTERACTIONS I'D LIKE TO SEE<br />
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What about jockeys carrying the horses around on their backs as they run around the race track! Now that would be worth watching!<br />
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How about a human three-ring circus with an animal audience!<br />
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In fact, just about any human-animal role reversal would be interesting.<br />
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CONCLUSIONS<br />
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So what does this analysis tell us about the differences between humans and 'mere' animals? We've seen there are many fundamental differences between way overrated humans (overrated by our own human opinions of ourselves of course) and way underrated animals (again, underrated according to the relatively biased opinions of humans). If the human-animal differences are due to natural selection, then there is a puzzlement in why did the rest of the animal kingdom take the 'smart' and commonsense road while humans took the intelligence road? While I'm sure there is an evolutionary connection between animals and the human animal, I also think there is some hidden variable(s) that caused the human branch to head off into uncharted territory (and go off the rails). If these differences (the hidden variables) are due to God, what does that tell you about what God is like? Nothing good, that's for sure! If it's artificial selection, but not due to anything supernatural, then things get interesting.<br />
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The celebrated astrophysicist/cosmologist Stephen Hawking, among many others, is a strong advocate of humans boldly going and colonizing space as the only viable way of ensuring our long term survival. The Big Question however in my mind is should humanity infect the wider cosmic scene? Isn't it enough one 'pale blue dot' has to suffer our lot? So, ET, if you are out there; be afraid, be very afraid!<br />
<br />
Science librarian; retired.<br />
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<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqfbGSfiAxOW9RqSOlX3bwSVTasizh-VJQqXrT6qI3uwqIywqp9ZcMhqwR1C4q92l7pFvOCgaxMb8ZmXgRRJBdLUlZl5MJzXoVnRgCJ9xWmxUZ4n0xTcn3e_L-eAO1OPhtVtPJMkAuyF4/s640/tiger+wallpaper+1.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0S-VQ_mcJDxSo7_SmCtJ_-PWKSG9at4poOebYdqY-9lWnrBaf-51vN3dqPSrMpTtwtszv_P1q7av7pI60FpUm1qHG2DfHo7B39lVJs9In_Xwwr7ZLNWOH2PSVydDtRBik19q-auDnuHI/s640/tiger+wallpapers.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFINUqFamQsOPxq_zrwgdfUSeLLSNAdi8NOl_M1unpnLl5KDlOvClmIr0QYUJC6_5eUwVVoBiEizq6i-HTLUrUfEiHwUkqv1nBIfCg1N7JjLxWd46oY3hOANyY9wl1N72_IQ6uiJggasA/s640/tiger+wallpapers+1.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaqqjqhlxygI1w6pwFD-GdrWrCDq3KAI3WwoWjQAfUtk-U9CCYhZVQbqtHyGzSEZTOWvWJeMIQXiT_N32YzKhHToPZ2HYN05LdcsWwrNjkfEDaQIzVVUvfEz-CVDVeFSfU_Fid-YX3UCI/s640/tiger_8.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi873ErnkFgD3AfeWAGooXIMr5JCfFR5ipi8LkdbmngxXl9PpPWl8xTa6Iap6GlBsT6qfFPbPR_xnEl4VbEOiHOIO4o3PpViQkaGW0zmtQjn73Da_YSfdJ4uKDF3xHtUXiJmlB7A-LPJnQ/s640/tiger-wallpaper.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://marksbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/tiger.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://kittymowmow.files.wordpress.com/2008/01/tiger-regal_1024x768.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
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<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5B625sKRJaSrCUjYQrqqwlTp8ipBGGDun7oR4se56CjtoeKQbTWxGMT2rsqK02SBbePVIDE4UzInEpU7FzxFnQ-F6OWBBvbhQ0ecFCZIO738qWmIqy0wPOh3hLP8JTOcXvOk8oJPhEqvM/s1600/Royal-Bengal-Tiger.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
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<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/photos/000/000/cache/bengal-tigers_10_600x450.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
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<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2ojg-tcETjQSEFep5ExvoUTS4efiVul_-YdHi3jOYa7PuthyN-CXGCqobKFzfU8PdxHQu111TeQpuW8sbssHHrECA-jUNkyrAc-WHCUuSK47kiOv0ABKSRwNnB0F7y4onDP2KterduocZ/s1600/bengal-tiger-Desktop-wallpaper.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://advocacy.britannica.com/blog/advocacy/wp-content/uploads/tiger-12.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
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<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://images2.layoutsparks.com/1/242867/reflection-of-the-tiger.png" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://images2.layoutsparks.com/1/197656/request-for-debbie-tiger.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://images2.layoutsparks.com/1/139150/sleepy-tiger-space-animal.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://images2.layoutsparks.com/1/140722/spotty-animal-print-tiger.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://images2.layoutsparks.com/1/66651/tekken-king-wild-tiger.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
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<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://images2.layoutsparks.com/1/127517/tiger-1-white-royal.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://images2.layoutsparks.com/1/143760/tiger-9-royal-animal.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://images2.layoutsparks.com/1/105241/tiger-9-sparkling-woman.gif" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://awenetwork.eu/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/siberian-tiger-0007.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
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<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvQEZDheJWcI7Z028V7ioTJGN-7H1cLjbPPkrmzQ3BmwFb7VKCd57s97X_jqhVJ-6-lYQ5TtXpT0gVHSKv-2_040E3uPYZUKJVYq2PJ4MPK3NFxqg0EttnOopIBIR21O2dN_3NuT-xMxQ/s1600/bathing_tiger.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://static.desktopnexus.com/thumbnails/33520-bigthumbnail.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://www.indiantiger.org/gifs/tiger-b1.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8XltjbWzrg1AHJeqi2iAncYE7VkQ9yGK3DpKgW6kCnD93znegVNn3K3zAjjJg4j55jVAVjRZ3FcaajslnrHjzdOTzZNhwRIOJSMkXnkck9a-iK7iCZb5M5zj458aBrNbfbmmhFYDFyia-/s400/tiger1.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://vusolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/Tiger-Animal-Wallpaper.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://images.picturesdepot.com/photo/t/tiger_cubs-16925.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://images2.layoutsparks.com/1/113926/tiger-w-black-background.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTgVXpjuDif31lnlZXIXCyNWFg3lMcw_-053EwdXGWRfVZG_O9QqIdrJ90n_w" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfKiubt0sH5hY5JRTW9TQoxYmHguUT1l57A0b-370T5XEXASzyNam7wP7xufq8WOgobCFhBNeSqPjLukgouwMQ0coUwnPmTUQGFm-o76rswoOuFcJ4BSIM6U2PM1BXDHhMWXFsrVWV8zM/s640/Indian+Tiger.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdzRVqjsy2sTyYLQ8cxZWO2Zerj7DFZC7bSfvnnUfJQCxPZzFC1dLLnpf7F75FRqo-Y_MqyNCxReermW60FfZTrs_Av8FOUYRxKU1go2Rd6CjrjqDW7zbPKK3vT5dsSwihvM8GceZdoGE/s640/Lion+and+Tiger.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEih6C0SYymD5UNFcgMN_-tzFRUI2xtVuohZZ4rcbbt3AN3WrWRBWQgV7bvtVdnFNgy1L17TVIAnyRt_pahsg4fOpizw1rr6AUv0tHUDtwJm2TLFdgFRYo7JWTD0i0JYaMPzzlom75i8BRw/s640/tiger.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJKTsFFKFq0w2faVa0C16sF0GJLSG1jGf7hyJkaypYkUvpaRnG8A3Z1zxfKe7qye1wbbjVaDb24TjsxIKrt1_rlm_D7OzIRoiF-dNW6prWEhm2oxP0TEbr2gaTdZi68sDgmiMSk_tcgeM/s640/tiger+1.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgdtHhfyO4OVc8ur2W4x8Zu2i5rALD6NCuPZO76tTBUGNksEynLI7vIzalx4Zvq2jBa3WYHJZS64UvmIkc5pcrpqYVkld8xBMCiqsNsgAtRF1zu0mrB7Voys-G57wtQv-JN_kXqEsclNY/s640/Tiger+Bangladesh.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiR-k0baF8dFvJgjHBF95gLuaVjKes3cZsY26zu4XV8Pkru_A28hmhBTo5k0R2M41ViVVUayqG9abkxrlPzN9hdJQNvOgJUpPegVWlxoLFzIPbch4zFuVLx8kCACea5ew0FoB1Tij40B_E/s640/tiger+wallpaper.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqfbGSfiAxOW9RqSOlX3bwSVTasizh-VJQqXrT6qI3uwqIywqp9ZcMhqwR1C4q92l7pFvOCgaxMb8ZmXgRRJBdLUlZl5MJzXoVnRgCJ9xWmxUZ4n0xTcn3e_L-eAO1OPhtVtPJMkAuyF4/s640/tiger+wallpaper+1.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0S-VQ_mcJDxSo7_SmCtJ_-PWKSG9at4poOebYdqY-9lWnrBaf-51vN3dqPSrMpTtwtszv_P1q7av7pI60FpUm1qHG2DfHo7B39lVJs9In_Xwwr7ZLNWOH2PSVydDtRBik19q-auDnuHI/s640/tiger+wallpapers.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFINUqFamQsOPxq_zrwgdfUSeLLSNAdi8NOl_M1unpnLl5KDlOvClmIr0QYUJC6_5eUwVVoBiEizq6i-HTLUrUfEiHwUkqv1nBIfCg1N7JjLxWd46oY3hOANyY9wl1N72_IQ6uiJggasA/s640/tiger+wallpapers+1.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfKiubt0sH5hY5JRTW9TQoxYmHguUT1l57A0b-370T5XEXASzyNam7wP7xufq8WOgobCFhBNeSqPjLukgouwMQ0coUwnPmTUQGFm-o76rswoOuFcJ4BSIM6U2PM1BXDHhMWXFsrVWV8zM/s640/Indian+Tiger.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://khyateerajesh.files.wordpress.com/2011/07/bengal-tigers.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
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<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://simbania.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/lounging_siberian_tiger_pair.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVnCo1GE3oPRE4NGdQOHNX388SbnSJmMr432qLTAUj4QVpjXvxmr1q9T227_ECBZXipXE3kFy4RlZkvE8OkOYDJl8UErFO55vNxlp3O130c32WxwxOxkZQx8BbL7VxTjXCQiqJsa8zeFA/s1600/cute_baby_tiger_1600x1200_wallpaper.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://animal.discovery.com/guides/baby-animals/mammals/gallery/tiger.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6sXVTErc0ZznjgJuBvK1SgiwiJldbiecEHBZBjQqBHARzUiobHOIerst_SO8HZig027On8jWnuufvNCQ1fy9hDD5TO-mP92Au3FpmjrPe257f719u61JYhceMQ6ruxwOzblsp7L34Ft4/s320/White_Bengal_Tiger_Miami_Metro-Zoo.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtisihYBpCHJUBWaxJUV2NQhe82-ckjKbC_aNlWOwcCTB-H5wJeLEgt89xxO1QVQqP2JSqGuB9Nure7caHotQ8aFi7YASOcgJqBw5_Me3Qzy5qItxGkVw3QFdVN9cSicuOVZBcpswGPq4/s320/White_Bengal_Tigers.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpgMK3_Y79CwabtD_2Bj5Ckuf0HisjSR95UFic0INcVhRQfPOaCkNcPV9VNLUszvugRuARUWXzs8mk8BfMZ9Eds4vpkJdYxXn6QUmk1XP_yz9Uw0Co76ObvhCJcJJ8SUGGkVcKNi6Ofm4/s400/white-tiger-0001.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEz0fi3HlNC1ZNJB0ujGSn8fzeeVNJeP7kLgJuVX1h2MNsJ1bM1zC9aX1MAA91u0VEubhQWjsYHs6Ygb50DGgW23cO6WOj-Kw356aH2K-XK07NWGTlEw4tUOQnEWUKwPbTCckAn0s9Z4c/s320/616px-White_tigers_drinking.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh38EbBTR3NELzSNvNsI0SeAijYTsOCcFkIsFMRi5ZpYNpmfwHAzIGhYWNnuJ2W00tZ6-fPEUNhpIZsQPFc_t-TpGDhf2dHX8hC0LJqgxrHdbOXtlpi5r61QJbAcZFwv4p1FjfjZjwFndA/s400/612417484_169b7f21b0.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJoYUJkxKnhcIW4QG_JfAsrzzgMUGEsOANxIP-RXJ_fKCricbVeub9ReMQ4VJD2KTAo5c6DJ9MiPSEYiZXbRduAq-CkoCzQEmfMqOpAjMzKiQKfJ0CVCpDtM-CIyJLerODnOOCczANXww/s400/article-1197823-059BDFF5000005DC-642_634x357_popup.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbC-zikMiLmSZUxBZtYDcQPHP9KHRdiupHxgYP861eXvnGwl52pPO7rFUsKSGVm2PPF00G_bCPJ037EQUuYAlzoNChDe5KqlFvxO5ebpCg74jwTTsT1lkEXXkVE-r9xrQR6F7LfcfABVc/s400/Bengal.Tiger.Cubs.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5dvoGHP7xGG6iONYvxlst5Lbr4HhpuPqWjDBDVMA_mEbdAWSNCMl1Alg4KlvjE5CxrX0VF_oB87otuWAHwSpZJh46vT3wMAPCJoj5z28DAzRK0J79wH9gvqGB3krH45az0gVtlAM5nFE/s320/Bengal_tiger.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYtHro_H9Rec-4qK7boGK0gRpmylOkx406b3d5oaRpY8TVrNuQNB80-uttDPH-vtCW_RGc6Len8EVDEKAJFONodLvox38888tqFO7Jj1haGjSlUBGB2sdVDnCXfGk9Puvhx9DWTH_EVpE/s400/bengal-tiger-cubs-playing.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgebu7DOQeg5NTzk-yfC6cHnCgZ4otQQ5QO1kIAbb0KJatEkgAQ8klKDAnRKzPQKoZ7mZ7uLz6W6dquoE-NL82hfVPeW1mJ5PB9HUN9S9hizS2wRcP3tlrZU4fPGW4jDF5JCOGE5B04I3M/s400/tigre1.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="http://funkman.org/animal/mammal/tiger.jpg" title="tiger animal" /><br />
<img alt="tiger animal" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrWuKHnSzjkCK30P64c3N90md0WgZbpDWzTXCRMh4i828DnoNsVJxdT4zAlJx9bJKjDBO9_7rUbLd2ttr3lEboNLZcATTLrfl1X6256Z3fARzryCp7vLlnoI8it9jby4uMwOO3mPeIoow/s1600/Tiger%252C+Sumatran+2.jpg" title="tiger animal" />adminhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14768363354611659042noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7412523339961171648.post-69563635215183729662012-07-04T05:00:00.000-07:002012-07-04T05:00:55.779-07:00Animation As a Form of Media<b> Animation can be used to inform, educate, advertise and express emotions just as live action can by using the same techniques; such as the use of colour, film language and sound. The NSPCC advert by Russell Brooke </b>on television is a good example of how animation can be more effective than live action. There is no limit to how much a situation or an action can be exaggerated but still remain to be convincing. In the advert if a real child was being thrown around it would be extremely controversial and although it is actually what is going on behind closed doors it would be too much for some people to watch. The animated character is created in a way that portrays the child in a way that will get the message across. This example shows how valuable a tool animation really is, that it is not just a media form to entertain young children. It is also a good vehicle to show that cartoon violence can be used to a positive end.<br />
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On the other hand cartoon violence can be quite aggressive and graphic like the 'Grand Theft Auto' video games series and some Manga features involve a lot of violence and gore but created in a quite realistic way, not suitable for a young audience where as cartoons adapted from Marvel comics such as 'Spiderman' and the 'X-Men' are primarily orientated around fighting but done in a less bloody way. The fight sequences involve a few kicks and punches and a superhuman power is used which doesn't normally inflict much gory, physical damage on the opponent, instead the loser is left with a scratch or two on their face with a trickle of blood oozing from their mouth. The fights, realistic as they may be, are not overly graphic, otherwise they would have to be shown after the watershed, but they are descriptive enough to express what is going on within the story. Most important of all is the fact that good always triumphs over evil in these cartoons. This does not justify the fighting but neither does it encourage it. Fisticuffs in a live action feature is always more violent than fighting in cartoons as it involves real people who can get hurt whereas cartoon characters feel nothing, making the fighting seem less realistic than a live action fight sequence.<br />
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The belief that animation is a media form directed mainly at children is not necessarily true, but in some situations this can be used to the advantage of the producers. A good example of this is the recent 'DairyLea' commercials, created in a 3D Stop Motion technique it shows some talking cows encouraging children to eat their product, not just on its own, but with mashed potato. The advert shows that 'DairyLea' can be mixed with other foods and the format is more memorable to children (the talking cows), therefore they are more likely to ask their parents to buy them some. Another good example of animation aimed at children is the 'Green Cross Code' (stop, look and listen). This informative commercial shows hedgehogs crossing a road in an animated and musical way, encouraging children to do as they do and they will be safe. This format was chosen so children will remember how to safely cross the road as told by singing hedgehogs-which would not have been possible in real life through a live action format. The advert offers an interesting, memorable alternative to mundane, forgettable, live action instructions.<br />
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Since animation is made popular by children, (for example, the phenomenon of the 'Pokemon' series) there are a number of ways producers can capitalise on the launch and success of a series. The producers see many ways of making more money from a successful cartoon because they know that children will do anything to get their hands on elements of merchandise, for example the 'Pokemon' battle cards. Merchandise does not just stop at playing cards though; there is stationary, cutlery, bags, toys, clothing, books, posters and video games. It is this side of animation that results in adults distancing themselves from the genre because of the fact that the cartoon series is blatantly aimed at children and so this is enough to put them off watching. Formerly the animation format adopted a biased approach aimed solely at a younger audience. In the early days animation it was fascinating concept, a drawing that was moving. Since it was a new concept people of all ages took an interest.<br />
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Now the omnipresence of the format through the years that people find it entertaining up to a point in their lives then just stop watching animation as they get older, then when they have kids of their own the viewing process starts again. It is because of this misconception of the format and its association with youngsters that successful attempts have been made to break this mould. Since some adults have an interest in animation specific titles and series' have been aimed at an adult specific audience, these include the '2DTV' series, some 'Manga' titles, Comedy Central's 'South Park', 'The Simpsons', 'Futurama' and the Japanese 'Hen-Tai'. To conclude this point, John Serpentelli writes in an article, that "The connection between children and animation seems simple enough. To a child, anything is possible and the same is true for animation." The animation format is also able to inadvertently teach children about the artistic side of animation, as John Serpentelli says, "Since animation is an art form that can involve almost all other art forms and children can directly encounter the art world in an unfiltered manner."<br />
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A recent comeback of 80's animation has shown resurgence in popularity of classics such as 'The Clangers', 'Bagpuss' and 'The Magic Roundabout'. Adults who viewed these animations when they were younger tune in to see these classics of their day, and their children join in. Some adults are required to watch animated videos in the workplace, on issues of safety. Having to watch, follow and understand irritatingly obvious and drab pieces of animation could be enough to put some adults off the format, believing the genre is as bad as the video they had to view. This also shows that animation can be as realistic and informative as live action, but simpler to understand, where as on the other hand cartoons aimed at children, however unrealistic, sometimes incorporate a moral or advice at the end of the episode, in an effort to teach the youngsters watching what is right and what is wrong. The reason being for this is that if children see their favourite cartoon character doing something or telling them to do something then they might be encouraged to do as they say. This just shows that if done correctly animations can be as entertaining as they are informative or educational for a range of audiences.<br />
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Within video games the games character which the player controls is brought to life by using animation. The character would be lifeless if it was not animated and so the use of animation is crucial. The incorporation of animation does not stop there as FMV's (Full Motion Videos) are also used to tell a story within a video game. This is a good example of how animation can make the impossible possible; by giving inanimate objects and characters life.<br />
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Animation is a priceless tool for all types of media when the impossible is required to become possible. For example, there are no limits to action or comedy in an animated feature, and animation provides these additional effects in a live action feature, effects that would not be possible to recreate safely or due to the limitations of a human actor. An example of such effects that are used in the movies is in the film 'The Mask' starring Jim Carrey to allow the face of the mask wearer to become very rubbery, distorted and very flexible. Animation allows the actor's face to become very pliable, allowing things to happen to it that are not humanly possible. The animation techniques incorporated within films are normally used in the special effects areas. This has been true as far back as movies such as 'Sinbad' where Ray Harryhausen's 3D stop motion monsters were revolutionary in their day and opened up a whole new unchartered area of the world of film. As painstaking as the monsters were to bring to life the end results were astounding and very effective, adding a whole new atmosphere and dynamic to a movie. Examples of the use of this technique in films are: 'Robocop' and the ED-209 machine and the stone gargoyles in the film 'Ghostbusters' to name but two of many. The use of 3D stop motion within a live action movie did not get left behind though in favour of the technologically advanced effects that computer graphics offered. Animation can have a unique manipulative effect on objects as it can turn normally innocent lifeless objects into dark sinister beings In contrast, animation can turn toys into what children want them to be if they could come to life, as for example in Disney's 'Toy Story'. Again here is that element of target audience, depending upon what age group is being targeted animation can be as dark or as cheerful as required.<br />
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In the world today it is becoming increasingly clear how popular and widespread animation has become. The production of an animated feature or series is carried out in an almost identical process to that of a live action feature or series. For instance, both formats need a good story, as this will hold the attention of the audience. The story is then required to be storyboarded, just as a live action feature is. Correct use of film language is essential in both formats whether to create an action, suspense or an emotional sequence. Characters are incredibly important to both formats. The audience need to like, relate to or in the 'bad guys' case, hate them. If the cast lack the attributes then the audience just will not care what happens to the characters, will not feel involved in the feature and lose interest. Since a live action feature casts real life and famous actors to attract the audiences, animation is also taking advantage of this element but because the animated features involve computer generated characters, not real life actors it is just as important to give that character a personality, to convince the audience that a computer generated character can have just the same effect on them as a real life star. This is why Disney features are increasingly using big-name Hollywood actors and actresses within them to create believable and likable characters, as well as the fact that recognizable voice talent brings in bigger audiences just as live action films with well known stars attract bigger audiences. An example of this is 'Toy Story' where actors such as Tom Hanks, who provides the voice for 'Woody', have been involved with the feature and this in turn makes the genre more popular as it will encourage more people to see the film if they can recognize a voice or the film is associated with successful and famous actors.<br />
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There are many important similarities in the process of making a live-action feature and producing an animated feature. For example whether the character is animated or is a real person, they both have to convincingly portray emotions, express body language and provide an effective dialogue and realistic expressions. As well as the characters, aspects such as film language are important in both features to allow a situation to be suspenseful, emotional or to create an effective action sequence. As well as the visual aspect, the audio, too, has to be able to convince an audience and to add atmosphere to a scene. These are common similarities between producing an animated feature and making a live action feature. For example there is a much broader scope to what can be achieved in an animated feature over a live action movie, as live action tends to have a realistic edge since the actors are real people and props are real and so on An animated feature can be realistic or unrealistic and the situations and characters are in the hands of the animators. In live action however there are limits to what human actors can do. Also there is no need for stuntmen or stunt doubles in an animated feature, and animated characters are more flexible than real life actors since they don't question working hours and make no wage demands! As technology has shown there could be no need for real actors soon as computer generated characters are becoming more and more realistic, one only needs to view recent animated features such as 'Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within'. Even though the media forms of animation and live actions differ, the bottom line is best said by Professor Nina Martin, "The history of animation is in tandem with live action film. You cannot understand the history of live action narrative film without including animation".<br />
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Despite there being many comparisons between live action film and animation, essentially both are the same, since"...the definition of cinema is rooted in the ability of its basic technology to present a series of representational images (and perhaps sounds) that create the illusion of movement where of course there is nothing but still images flashing at a prescribed speed." An extract from 'The Cinema Book 2nd Edition'. This emphasises the fact that both live action and animated films are created in the same ways but the only difference being the way in which they are expressed, live action as live action and animation as a primarily drawn medium but both forms consist of multiple images to create a sense of movement within the piece. To break this down even further, animation has been described by some critics as "Cinema at its purest" also from 'The Cinema Book 2nd Edition'. "Since animation creates movement where there was never any 'real' motion at the pre-filmic stage".<br />
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As more people become aware of how animation can be used and what it can do, it is increasingly being incorporated within live action films. For example it can be used to recreate dangerous stunts without putting anyone's life at risk by using the 'Green Screen' technique, most recently seen it the box office hit film 'Spiderman' where the character is seen swinging high up from building to building, without actually having to in real life. An alternative use of animation is when something impossible for a human actor to do is done via animation, for example in the movie 'The Mask'.<br />
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It is not just recently that movie crossovers have become popular. However they were also used in features such as 'Mary Poppins', where the human actors were sharing a world with animated creatures that interacted with each other. Since then films such as 'Who Framed Roger Rabbit', 'Space Jam' and 'Rocky and Bullwinkle' have each used this genre crossover successfully. The purest form of this technique is 'direct on film', where animation is created on film reels, specifically one medium is created on another medium. An extract from 'The Cinema Book 2nd Edition' explains that, "Such animation makes the fullest use of the medium as it foregrounds the entire process of making, projecting, and finally perceiving movement where none ever existed."<br />
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The advancements in computer technology have enabled the animation format to go a step further, creating frighteningly realistic films and film effects. Paul Wells shows in an article from 'Art and Animation', "Live action and 'animation' are once more converging in ways that make one indistinguishable from the other, and servicing a new orthodoxy in 'realism' in many feature films like 'Jurassic Park' and 'Twister'." As the genre becomes ever more popular and more widely recognized as 'Disney' is a household name, just as Steven Spielberg is known for making great live action movies, Disney makes great animated features, as well as Warner Brothers, Hanna-Barbera and more recently Matt Groening. As a tool, animation is becoming used more often as it becomes more flexible as animation becomes more technologically advanced and ever more ground-breaking.<br />
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Such an example is the use of animation within video games which enables realistic visuals to be used in a computer generated, fictional world. 'The Getaway' on the PlayStation 2 shows how games are becoming more like interactive movies. The setting, London, is a real location recreated in painstaking detail. Vehicles have been created to resemble them in real life and the game uses real actors that have been created to look like their real life counterparts. The actors were motion captured and scripts were recorded, the same processes which an animated feature is produced. They were then used in the game to make the characters more convincing and believable. The game shows how animation can be pushed to its technological limits, proving that animation can be as real or as unrealistic as it needs to be. The game offers such an element of realism that the actors involved have actually been offered roles in popular television shows, for example the Joe Rice who plays the police officer in 'The Getaway' has recently been in 'EastEnders', showing that the live action and animation cross over are becoming more popular. Advancements in computer capability and its technology have enabled animation to have even more uses than ever before, but as Sean Wagstaff says from his Book 'Animation on the Web', "There's no question that the art of 3D has not yet fully evolved, and in the hands of far too many users, it is still a science more than an art."<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgq12wK47DHl0TE-fEHydAmW_By1tu0zoUPDVw0zq5g_4pgcIwZgrIEyT0JCITtOPfLkKGWxIzeTSySoIFo5sH3p89Zd3ge4-iNADE5GltBYDCeiEx2KHyNLSBkL7SBqLUpfFIixlLvXUA/s1600/tasha_image.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgq12wK47DHl0TE-fEHydAmW_By1tu0zoUPDVw0zq5g_4pgcIwZgrIEyT0JCITtOPfLkKGWxIzeTSySoIFo5sH3p89Zd3ge4-iNADE5GltBYDCeiEx2KHyNLSBkL7SBqLUpfFIixlLvXUA/s1600/tasha_image.jpg" /></a></div>adminhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14768363354611659042noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7412523339961171648.post-2517883426673840192012-07-03T19:19:00.000-07:002012-07-03T19:19:51.675-07:00Animal Hoarding - A Serious Threat<b> We may know of a "dog lady" down the street who hides away the animals she "saves". We turn a blind eye and perhaps think - what harm can it do</b>? We may even think of her as a kind person. But if she is an animal hoarder she can not only harm - she can kill, maim, and cause unspeakable torture for generations of helpless animals. Even purebreds are not immune, for the animal hoarder may also be a breeder. Animal hoarding is far more prevalent than most people realize. Up to 2,000 cases of animal hoarding are discovered in the United States every year - which adds up to the suffering of many thousands of animals - and that may only be the tip of the iceberg.<br />
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According to HARC, the Tufts University Veterinary Medical School Hoarding of Animals Research Consortium, animal hoarding, previously known as collecting, is a poorly understood phenomenon which transcends simply owning or caring for more than the typical number of pets, and affects every community in the US. It has serious consequences for people, animals, and communities. New cases are reported in the media each day, with dozens of others unreported, and still more undetected. Animal hoarding is a community problem. It is cruel to animals, can devastate families, be associated with elder abuse, child abuse, and self-neglect, and be costly for municipalities to resolve. Without appropriate post-intervention treatment, recidivism approaches 100%. Increased awareness, leading to more comprehensive long-term interventions, is needed. Animal Hoarding is not about animal sheltering, rescue, or sanctuary, and should not be confused with these legitimate efforts to help animals. It is about satisfying a human need to accumulate animals and control them, and this need supersedes the needs of the animals involved. Animal hoarding is becoming a growing problem since it is becoming more recognized. Animal Hoarding was first identified and researched in 1997 by Dr Gary J Patronek, DVM, Ph.D., and his team through HARC at the Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts. Dr Patronek and his associates were the first to use the term animal hoarding and to write a definition of the phrase, thus, an animal hoarder is defined as:<br />
<br />
Someone who accumulates a large number of animals, fails to provide even the minimal standards of nutrition, sanitation and veterinary care, and fails to act on the deteriorating condition of the animals (including disease, starvation and even death), or the environment (severe overcrowding, extremely unsanitary conditions) or the negative effect of the collection on their own health and well-being and on that of other household members.<br />
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Hoarders can fool you. In public they may appear to be well dressed, productive members of society. They often take great care with their appearance and may present a polished, even superior image which belies the filth and degradation in which they live. Perhaps the most prominent psychological feature of these individuals is that pets (and other possessions) become central to the hoarder's core identity. The hoarder develops a strong need for control, and just the thought of losing an animal can produce an intense grief-like reaction. This may account for the difficulty this causes some observers of hoarders who misunderstand the grief reaction for a real concern for the animal's welfare when, in fact, hoarders are concerned with their own needs and not the condition of the animals at all. One of the main points made by HARC about the disease of animal hoarding is that while hoarders may view themselves as saviors of the animals, they are driven by a need to control. Hoarding is not about loving or saving, it is about power and control- the power to control a helpless creature. Animal hoarding is a form of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) - the rationale is that nobody could possibly care for the animal as well as they can, nor, more importantly, love them as much as they do.<br />
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It has also been suggested that animal hoarding is a form of passive cruelty. Hoarders typically profess a great love for their animals and yet, by everyone else's standards, the conditions under which the animals live are nothing short of barbaric - homes are usually cluttered and unsanitary with feces all over the house, debris, rats, fleas and other parasites and, in many cases rotting corpses of the very animals that these people profess to love so dearly. Conditions in a lot of these homes are often such that even the Animal Control officers who are ultimately called to deal with these cases have been known to vomit at the sights that greet them when they finally gain access. The stench of rotting debris, of feces and ammonia from pets that do all their 'business' within four walls make it not only a dangerous and unhealthy proposition for these case workers, but also for the residents who live with the animals, and of course the animals themselves.<br />
<br />
Studies suggest that in hoarding cases, for the most part, there will usually be one person involved, or perhaps a couple. Typically, animal hoarders tend to be female, older and solitary. They concentrate on one or two species of animals and fail to acknowledge the extent of the lack of sanitation and animal suffering. They may also be on disability, retired or unemployed.<br />
<br />
Hoarding, by definition, is a condition in which animals are deprived of even minimal standards of care. The consequences of this deprivation vary in each situation, depending on how far it deteriorates until discovered. In some cases, particularly in the early stages, the visible signs of suffering are few - perhaps mild weight loss, poor hair coat, and parasites. Despite whatever physical afflictions do or do not develop, the psychological suffering from intensive confinement will go even more unnoticed. As conditions deteriorate and / or crowding increases, irritating levels of ammonia develop from the accumulated feces and urine, infectious diseases may spread, injuries develop and are not treated, sick animals are ignored, and the early stages of starvation may begin. As conditions spiral downward, animals die from lack of food or water and untreated illness or injury. It is not unusual for dead animals to be found among the living, with some animals cannibalizing the corpses of others. In some cases, this may involve only a few animals, in other cases, homes or farms become literal graveyards, with bodies scattered where they fell.<br />
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Even when confronted with the obvious - feces piled a foot or more deep, dead animals in human living spaces, a home not fit for habitation by humans or animals, the hoarder will deny that anything is wrong or will minimize the interpretation of events.<br />
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The Role of Excuses in Animal Hoarding<br />
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One of the most exasperating parts of dealing with an animal hoarder is the wide range of excuses that are offered for the behavior and the substandard condition of the animals and environment. Hoarders are almost always in a state of complete denial. Typically they may say that the house is just a little messy or the animals are fine, when you may have to pick your way through rotting corpses. A hoarder's excuses are driven by attempts to maintain a positive self-image and self-esteem. Self-images are developed for both internal and external audiences. External audiences are those people who may be in a position to evaluate a person's actions. Maintaining a positive image is important, and perhaps even essential, to enable a person to continue certain types of behaviors and avoid certain consequences. For animal hoarders, HARC's work suggests that animals may be an important identity-building device, and that the animals may be critical for the hoarder's self-esteem.<br />
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The Role of the Law in Relation to Animal Hoarders<br />
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Perhaps the biggest problem in trying to stop animal hoarding is the lack of strong animal laws. There is NO Federal Law which regulates the care of pet animals by private owners or animal shelters. However, every state in the US has animal cruelty statutes which prohibit cruel treatment and/or require an owner to provide proper shelter, adequate nutrition and clean water, a sanitary safe environment, and necessary veterinary care. Thus, on a very simple level, it seems that hoarding would be an obvious violation of the most basic provisions. In actual practice, establishing a violation of the law is more difficult than it might appear from reading the statutes, for a variety of reasons, one being the way the laws are written. The language in the legislation is often vague and antiquated, leaving ample room for interpretation. The hoarder can provide a loophole for defining what is necessary. An additional problem is that much of the cruelty which arises in these situations is psychological suffering from chronic neglect, intensive confinement in small cages, and lack of opportunities to socialize with either people or other animals, or being confined in close proximity to animals which may be aggressive or threatening. These are factors which might best be described as Quality of Life issues, something which is almost uniformly absent from existing statutes in any explicit sense. Therefore, each court is left to its own combination of expert testimony and prevailing community standards. Even when statutory husbandry standards exist, often they apply only to specific entities such as pet stores, shelters, kennels, and catteries, leaving individuals such as hoarders untended by the law.<br />
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Despite these obstacles, investigation under the cruelty to animals statutes is often the only way to begin an intervention in hoarding cases. Such an investigation should be conducted by, or with guidance from, a highly experienced humane investigator. From start to finish, the collection of evidence in these cases needs to be airtight to get a search warrant that will stand up and lead to either a conviction or the possibility of a favorable negotiated agreement or plea bargain.<br />
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What happens when the hoarder is also a breeder?<br />
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It may be easy to spot the "dog lady" down the street who has too many dogs, but what happens when an animal hoarder is also a breeder? This area should be of great concern to purebred dog fanciers. Because hoarders can pass for normal people who are well dressed, polite, and well spoken, they may be easily able to hide their dark secret. In general, hoarders do not allow anyone to visit their homes or kennels. The hoarder may present a very charming exterior when appearing at public dog events. Misguided people may wind up enabling hoarders to continue their slide into mental illness and their cruelty to the animals because they do not understand animal hoarding. Animal hoarding often is only apparent in its entirety when one enters the home of a hoarder and sees the astoundingly filthy conditions in which they live. In fact, the homes of animal hoarders are sometimes so appalling that the premises have to be burned down or bulldozed. Reputable breeders and rescue groups can ensure that their animals will not fall into the hands of a hoarder by not only doing extensive interviews, but also making a visit to the premises before placing a dog in any home. <br />
Summary<br />
<br />
While animal hoarding is relatively unknown to the general public, it is a very real mental illness which affects entire communities and takes the worst toll on its animal victims. Hoarders have chameleon-like abilities to present themselves as charming and functioning members of society while living in the most appalling conditions and causing the animals in their control to live a hellish existence. Laws are antiquated and ill equipped to deal with the problem, and there is currently no effective medical treatment for the condition of animal hoarding. Hoarders are highly likely to hoard again even if they are convicted within the legal system because the system fails to monitor their activities. The burden for preventing and stopping hoarders lies with each and all of us who love our animals. We must speak out to update the laws and stiffen penalties for convicted hoarders to at least include monitoring; we must keep our eyes and ears open within the community for signs of local hoarders. And, if a hoarder is suspected, we must follow specific, well documented steps to close them down.<br />
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Signs of an Animal Hoarder:<br />
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•Hoarders are most often older women who live alone. <br />
•Hoarders typically no support network of family or friends. <br />
•Hoarders are typically on disability, retired or unemployed. <br />
•Up to 2000 cases of hoarding are known to occur in the U.S. each year. <br />
•While hoarders profess their love for animals, hoarding is not about love but about control. <br />
•Hoarding is considered a form of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Hoarders are mentally ill. <br />
•Hoarders are usually in a state of complete denial; they do not see the destruction they cause. <br />
•Hoarding is defined not by the numbers of animals, but by the way they are kept. <br />
•Hoarders put their personal and community health at risk. <br />
•Hoarders fail to provide even minimal standards of care or sanitation. <br />
•Homes of hoarders are usually in such filthy condition that the premises have to be destroyed. <br />
•Even if convicted of hoarding, hoarders are usually able to move and begin the cycle again. There is almost a 100% rate of repetition.<br />
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Q: What is the American Humane Film & TV Unit?<br />
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A: American Humane (AH) Film & TV Unit is based in Los Angeles and we monitor the use of animals in media. American Humane is a national organization with headquarters based in Denver, Colorado. I'm one of the Certified Animal Safety Representatives who go on set and monitor the use of animals in film and television. We award the "No Animals Were Harmed® in the Making of this Movie" disclaimer seen at the end of the credits in a movie.<br />
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Q: How did the American Film & TV Unit start?<br />
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A: Back in 1926, AH set up a committee to investigate abuses of animals in the movie industry. At that time, horses were the most at-risk animal actors. But, then, as now, animals have no inherent legal rights, so we couldn't mandate the safety of the animal actors. In 1939, for the film "Jesse James," a horse and rider were sent hurling over a 70-foot cliff into a raging river for an action shot. The stuntman was fine, but the horse's back was broken in the fall and it died. Outrage over this sparked a new relationship between AH and some motion picture directors and producers and caused the Hays Office to include humane treatment of animals in the Motion Picture Code. The following year, AH received authorization to monitor the production of movies using animals. We worked on set for quite a while after that until the Hays Office was disbanded in 1966, ending our jurisdiction and excluding us from sets. This was a pretty dismal time for animal actors who were being used in some brutal ways. Then, in the early 1980s, another incident caused another public outcry and American Humane was added to the agreement with SAG that mandated that union films contact us if they were using animals. This agreement now includes any filmed media form, including television, commercials, direct-to-video projects, and music videos. A more detailed history is on our website. Right now, we monitor about 900 films a year, maybe more. That's not counting commercials.<br />
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Q: Did you say animal actors no have legal rights?<br />
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A: That's correct. Animals have no "legal" rights in the sense that humans have. But because of our SAG agreement, animal actors in SAG films have "contractual" rights because the AH office must be contacted by productions using animals and an AH Film & TV Unit representative be on set during the filming.<br />
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Q: What about nonunion productions?<br />
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A: Nonunion productions are not contractually bound to contact us, but we find that a lot of people want us there anyway. I've worked with several productions that say - "We want you here. We want that rating at the end of our film and we want people to know what we had you on set."<br />
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Q: So people on set are happy to see you?<br />
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A: Generally yes, but sometimes no. Actors always love seeing us there. They look at the AH patches on my jacket and come up to me constantly on set and say - "Oh, you're here for the animals. That's so great, I'm so happy you're here." That's what we want. We want people to look for us, to know we're there, and why we're there. As for production, it depends on their perception of us and if they've worked with us in the past. People we've worked with before love having us there. The ones who haven't worked with us before sometimes think "oh, no, here comes the animal police to patrol us," like I'm going to stand there with my hands on my hips telling them what they can and can't do. It's not like that. We're not there to criticize. We're there to work with filmmakers, not against them. If we see a problem, we'll address it and work it out together. In Florida, for instance, one of the big concerns is heat. During one production, the producer wanted a dog to walk back and forth across the pavement. I told the director there was a problem with this. I already knew he didn't like having me on set, but I told him anyway, "You take off your shoes and walk across that street." He went out to the street, put his hand on the pavement, and said - "Yeah, you're right." He wasn't trying to harm the animal, he just wasn't thinking about the animal, the heat, and the pavement. That's part of the reason we're on set. We don't expect filmmakers to also be animal experts. Even producers who personally don't care about animals usually realize it makes sense for them to have us there. Many people say they won't watch a movie in which they think or have heard that an animal was injured or killed. People look for the AH disclaimer at the end of movies saying - "No Animals Were Harmed® in the Making of this Film."<br />
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Q: How do filmmakers get a "No Harm" disclaimer for their movies?<br />
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A: The process starts when production contacts our Los Angeles office to let us know that they plan to use animals. We direct them to our Guidelines which are available on the internet and we request their script. We review the script and arrange to come in and observe the animal action to ensure that the conditions in which the animals are working and kept is safe and comfortable. This doesn't cost the union production anything - that's part of the arrangement with the SAG office.<br />
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Q: What about nonunion productions? Can they get this "No Animals were Harmed®" disclaimer?<br />
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A: The process to get the disclaimer is the same, only there's a $30 an hour fee for the hours we're on set. The time we spend in pre-production script evaluation and then screening the films and writing up reviews is included in that $30 an hour on set fee.<br />
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Q: Can student and independent filmmakers get your disclaimer?<br />
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A: Definitely, if they meet the guidelines for it. If they have questions, all they need to do is call our LA office and ask. Our LA office is happy to help young and aspiring filmmakers with guidance and information on safely using animals in their films. If they're in the process of writing a script, they can call us and ask if certain scenes are feasible and for advice on how to get the scenes and action they want. Productions who can't get an AH representative on set because of cost or scheduling conflicts can write down what it is they plan to do, document the filming of the animal action with a little video, a behind the scenes - this is how we did it, kind of thing - and send it in. We review it and though we can't say we were actually there, we can say that through our review, it looks like the production followed the Guidelines. That rating is called: "Not Monitored: Production Compliant."<br />
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Q: How many ratings are there?<br />
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A: We have several ratings which range from our highest "Monitored: Outstanding" and receiving the "No Animals Were Harmed"® disclaimer which appears in the end credits of the film, to "Not Monitored," to our lowest rating which is "Monitored Unacceptable" - where our guidelines and animal safety were disregarded and or negligence caused the injury or death of an animal. Striving for a good rating helps ensure that the production will go well. If a production is half way through shooting and an animal that is key to the movie gets spooked and gets loose or injured, it's like losing a lead human actor. What's the producer going to do? Re-shoot the animal scenes with another animal actor? Rewrite the script? Scrap the movie? Professional trainers have several different dogs with different talents that look alike. One's a really good barking dog, one's a really good jumping dog, another does something else. That helps in the event one dog gets sick or injured, it won't halt filming. A lot of the worst scenarios can be avoided with planning. I look for potential problems and to keep everything as safe as possible for everyone. There can always be accidents, there's no way to prevent that. That happens in life. You can work to make things as safe as possible, but there can still be accidents. We understand that. The bottom line is at that any time filmmakers plan to use animals, even their own pets, they should contact our LA office.<br />
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Whether or not one of us comes out to your set, they should refer to our Guidelines For the Safe Use of Animals in Filmed Media so they know what they need to prepare for, to say to themselves - this is what I need to prepare for if I'm going to use an animal on my production. Am I prepared to do what I need to do to make sure that everything is safe for my animal? Having us involved benefits the production in that if there's ever any question as to how a stunt was done the filmmaker can say - call AH. Filmmakers with the reputation of abusing animals for the sake of producing a film or commercial won't get hired and people won't want to watch their movies. We are the only organization authorized to make and uphold these standards and people look for it. When people see animals in films, they look to see that no animals were harmed. If they have any questions on how things were done, they can go to our website and read about it. They can see that this stunt that looks absolutely horrible was actually done with computer graphics, a real animal wasn't even involved.<br />
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Q: Are personal pets allowed to be in movies?<br />
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A: Our Guidelines recommend that filmmakers use professional animal actors obtained through trainers, but we know that filmmakers, especially small independent and student filmmakers are going to use their own pets or the pets of friends and family in their movies. We understand that, that's a reality in this business. But even if it's no more than filming their own pet cat or dog sitting in a chair or walking across the room, filmmakers should get in the habit of contacting our office. When producers choose dogs, for instance, they should look for dogs with outgoing personalities, dogs that aren't afraid of people. Fear can cause a disaster. The dog can bite someone out of fear if they get in a situation in which they're not comfortable. If more than one dog is to be used on set, the dogs should be used to being around other dogs. If one dog shows aggression toward another dog on set, the aggressive dog must be removed. Dogs that live together and are accustomed to being with each other are good choices.<br />
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Q: You mentioned education as being part of the goal of AH. Would you talk some about that?<br />
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A: We'd like to work more with film schools developing programs where as part of the curriculum, students take a course or attend a seminar held by an AH representative about using animals in film. If the school can't put us into their program yet, just having our Guidelines available at the school or distributed to students will help educate them. The earlier we reach the students, the better. These filmmakers will grow in their careers and will eventually be involved in large productions where they might end up working on films with large animals. That's the point where you really worry about safety, so the earlier we can educate students, the better.<br />
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Q: What can you advise students or aspiring filmmakers wanting to use pets? Your Guidelines can look daunting.<br />
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A: If filmmakers choose to use a pet instead of trained animal, we have no control over that but we still recommend they review and adhere to our Guidelines. If the Guidelines seem overwhelming, call our LA office with questions, say - "All I want is for my dog to sit in a chair or walk across the room while we're doing our filming, what are the guidelines?" Most of it is just common sense. Know that the animal you're using is friendly and completely safe to be around people and other animals. You don't want an animal on set that's aggressive, skittish, or snaps. Think about what you're going to do with this animal while you're setting up shots. How many times do you actually need the real animal? Can you use a stuffed animal if there's any concern about using a real animal? You don't want a real dog sitting under hot lights while you're setting up. Go to a toy store and get a stuffie look-alike of whatever animal you're using. Make sure the animal won't be in the way of a moving dolly and that she won't be in area in which she can get stepped on. When she's not being used on set have a suitable place for her to hang out, that she's not running around loose. There needs to be a safe area like a crate or separate room for the animal. Make sure the pet has breaks and gets to lie down and rest or get something to eat and drink. If the pet isn't kept in a crate, make sure it's on a harness or leash so that should she get spooked by a loud noise or quick movement, she can't jump down and run away. Plan ahead and prepare for all possible scenarios. That's critical. If an animal won't do what you want, what are your options? Have back up plans. How far should you go to try to get an animal to do something? If the animal won't or can't do what you want him to do, forcing him is inviting disaster. Even if the animal normally does something, an animal is an animal. You can never predict what it's going to do or not do. It's like working with a child. The producer has to be prepared.<br />
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Q: Who is responsible for the safety of a pet during filming?<br />
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A: The ultimate responsibility lies with the owners as they will suffer the anguish and grief if something happens to their pet. I recommend that pets not be passed around to people on set to play with. That can be overstimulating to animals, and if they're all excited, they may not be able to perform the action you want them to perform. Many trainers make a general announcement on set - don't touch animals while they're working. Obviously, with the exotics, people are pretty good about asking before touching them but a lot of times, with dogs and cats, people just walk up and pet them without asking.<br />
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Q: Does AH have a problem with certain action shots?<br />
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A: If filmmakers wonder if a certain action shot can be obtained safely, call and ask us. If a filmmaker wants a dog to run off the end of the dock and jump into a lake to get an exciting shot, they should make the obvious choice. Pick a Labrador Retriever who loves to swim and run and jump off the dock and has actually practiced this. They shouldn't choose a little Chihuahua that's never been in the water.<br />
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Q: How did you get into the field?<br />
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A: I grew up in Michigan in a very animal-oriented family. We had the house with the invisible sucker sign hanging on the front of it - animals could see the sign, but we couldn't. Animals constantly showed up at our door and people dumped their puppies and kittens off in our barn. We had dogs, cats, horses, guinea pigs, and hamsters, and just about everything else. As a teenager, I raised and trained a working Seeing Eye dog. After that, I raised a wonderful Doberman for obedience. After college, I tried a few careers, but didn't really care for any of them. In the early 1990s, I moved to Key West, Florida. That was about the time the series "Key West" with Fisher Stevens and Jennifer Tilly was being filmed as a pilot. I accidentally met the medic on set and we started talking. He learned that I was a dive master with dive master medical training and said they'd been looking for someone else to work on set when they went to series. He asked if I was interested and I was. So, I went and got EMT certification and worked on that series as the medic when the other medic wasn't available. After the series ended, I worked fulltime as an EMT paramedic and part time as paramedic in film. I also volunteered with my dog in the education department at the Humane Society of Broward County. We went around to schools and taught pet education to the kids. Through that, I began working as a surgical assistant for the shelter. I was basically done the same things for animals that I was doing for humans. It was hard working for the shelter, for obvious reasons, but it was also very rewarding and I loved it. One day I was watching a movie through the credits and saw the "No Animals Were Harmed® in the Making of this Film" disclaimer and that a representative was on set to monitor all animal action. A light went off in my head - "Hey, that's a job. If somebody was on set that means it's an actual job." I sent my resume to the recruiting office in LA and got an interview. My background with horses and dogs, and dog training, and medical and film experience worked well together for the position. I then went through the AH training which basically teaches film and set etiquette, which I already knew from my experience on set, and learning report writing and the Guidelines. Right now, I live in Virginia. As my husband is in the military, we move around a bit, but as my job requires a lot of travel, I can do it from wherever we're based. Though most of my work is in this area, I've traveled all over the country. I've been to Mexico, Canada, Wyoming.<br />
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Q: What films have you worked on locally?<br />
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A: Susan Jackson, our representative based in Richmond, and I have worked independently and, in the case of large films such as "Dreamer," we've worked together. During the filming of "Dreamer," producers wanted something that looked like ointment to slather on an animal and they didn't know what to use. Susan suggested a solution of milk and water. So they mixed the milk and water and said - "oh, that's looks really good." Another instance on "Dreamer" was a barn scene. The crew needed the barn cats out before they could start filming. Susan came up with and organized a plan to catch the cats and send them off to be spayed and neutered. By the time filming was done, the cats could come back. It helped everybody. These are simple solutions that have helped producers get the scenes they want. We don't expect filmmakers to be animal experts; that's why we're there. We've been in this business a long time and have a lot of training behind us. A lot can be done with camera tricks, computer graphics, stuffie stunt and photo doubles and some creative solutions. Most recently I was one of the Safety Reps on "Evan Almighty." "Birds and Animals," a huge animal company for the film business supplied the animal talent. They have offices in Florida, California, New York, overseas and have all kinds of animals and I've worked with them for years since I started at AH seven years ago. They're great to work with and have excellent trainers who very concerned about the safety and welfare of their animals. Another huge part of our job is perception. It's often the perception of actors who aren't familiar with animal training. For example, when I was on "Evan Almighty" there was a scene with all these different small animals. One way to lure small animals like skunks, rats, and porcupines from point A to point B is with a buzzer. These little animals can't be trained to come like dog or even a cat. These little animals are taught that when they walk across the room to the buzzer, they get a food reward. One of the actors watching this came over and asked - "Are these animals being shocked?" I said, no, and explained the whole buzzer thing. Without someone like myself being there to ask, this actor could have walked off set thinking that the animals on set were being shocked. It was amazing to watch the whole process on "Evan Almighty." A huge ark was built in Charlottesville, VA, and they had a special camera that exactly replicated every single move of the animals. Animal were brought in one at a time, so if there were forty animals in a scene, they did that take forty different times at least, each time with each different animal. Sometimes there were pairs of animals, sometimes there was only one - the same animal walked across the room twice. It was all put together by computer to look like all these pairs of animals were in the same room, even though they weren't. That was a lot of fun to work on.<br />
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I also do the "Puppy Bowl" in Silver Spring, Maryland, at the Discovery Channel which airs on the Animal Planet at the same time as the Super Bowl. A little stage is built that looks like a football field and puppies go out there and play. They have "Kitty Half Time" and a "Tail Gate Party" for the dogs that didn't get into the game. It's hilarious. Initially, they were a little wary of me, but now we have a great relationship. It's nice when you walk off the set and the people you met when you first came in were looking at you like - "here she comes," then say - "thank you so much for being here, we want you back next year."<br />
<br />
American Humane was founded in 1877. It is the oldest national organization dedicated to protecting both children and animals. Through a network of child and animal protection agencies and individuals, the American Humane Association develops policies, legislation, curricula and training programs to protect children and animals from abuse, neglect and exploitation. The nonprofit membership organization, headquartered in Denver, raises awareness about The Link® between animal abuse and other forms of violence, as well as the benefits derived from the human-animal bond. American Humane's regional office in Los Angeles is the authority behind the "No Animals Were Harmed"® End Credit Disclaimer on film and TV productions, and American Humane's office in Washington is an advocate for child and animal protection at the federal and state levels. American Humane is endorsed by the Better Business Bureau's Wise Giving Alliance and has been awarded the Independent Charities Seal of Excellence.<br />
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Animal actor "Angus," Actor Ken Kline's black Labrador Retriever was cast as "Dog with Man" in "Capitol Law," an ABC Pilot filmed in Washington, D.C., and also on "Shooter" as a quadedestrian in Baltimore's Federal Hill. Ken met American Humane Film & TV Unit representative Sandi Buck on the set of "Evan Almighty" in Richmond, Virginia, where she was overseeing the use of wild animals like bears, wolves, and mountain lions on set. Angus decided stay to home for that particular film.<br />
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Misconception #1 - "An animation can show whatever the animator wants" <br />
Perhaps it is the fact that so much of what we see on television and in films is altered with lifelike special effects that we tend to associate anything with 3D visualization with more than a hint of skepticism. Ironically, much of the same software used to animate films such as "Spiderman" or "Lord of the rings" is also less known to be used in scientific visualization, research and forensic animations. People may associate the fact that an experienced special effects animator is capable of creating surreal, yet realistic looking effects. Therefore, it must not be accurate.<br />
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The greatest difference between a forensic animation and just any other type of animation is the "forensic" part. This implies that there is a large effort in understanding the details of what is being animated and that there is a large emphasis ensuring a high level of accuracy. An animator can spend more than 70% of his time on activities related to the verification of data and ensuring accuracy in the animation.<br />
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An experienced and qualified forensic animator would tell you that a large effort goes into building and checking each step of the animation process to the correct and accurate dimensions. In fact, very little is left to the imagination since most recreations are based on accurate data typically provided by the expert witness. A simple example is the terrain data of a particular scene. This can be obtained by means of a total station along with the positions of important features such as signs, traffic lights, debris or tire marks on the roadway.<br />
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Even the animation and motion of objects in a 3D recreation is typically based on information or data provided by the expert witness. This data is often obtained through careful calculations or through the use of simulation software. In the case of simulation software, the data can be directly converted or imported directly into the 3D animation software, leaving little room for error. <br />
There may be cases where the forensic animator is provided with less than ideal information, however, even in these rare instances, an experienced forensic animator will have enough knowledge to ensure that the basic rules of geometry and physics (i.e. motion) are applied and adhered to.<br />
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Misconception #2 - "Animations are difficult to admit in a court of law" <br />
Somewhere along the way, there have been animations which were so poorly constructed or erroneous they simply could not have been allowed in court. It would seem that these cases tend to stick in the minds of litigators and cause reluctance for future use of what is a perfectly acceptable and effective use of technology.<br />
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Normally, it is an inexperienced animator or lawyer which does not follow some of the basic rules of demonstrative evidence. <br />
Some key points to consider when considering a forensic animation are:<br />
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1. The animation needs to support the testimony of the expert witness and should be considered an extension of the witness' report. The expert witness should be directly involved in authenticating and reviewing the animation.<br />
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2. Disclose the animation well in advance of the trial date. Evidence needs to be disclosed in a timely manner and the opponent requires time to cross examine the evidence.<br />
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3. The animation fairly and accurately conveys the data or matter that it purports to convey or depict. The animation should not be prejudicial in that it outweighs the probative value.<br />
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4. The animation should be relevant.<br />
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5. The forensic animator should be prepared to testify that the works created are based on sound technology, process and algorithms such that the final works are a reflection of the expert witness' opinion.<br />
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There are, of course, many other factors to consider which may be case dependent. Further materials and references are available for review including a paper entitled "The Admissibility of Demonstrative Evidence in Jury Trials:" Written by Barbara Legate of Legate and Associates and available at the AI2 forums (www.ai2-3d.com/Forums).<br />
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Today, most forensic animations are admitted into court since there are greater considerations and groundwork taken into account to ensure the accuracy, validity and quality of the animations. By choosing an experienced forensic animator and by adhering to the rules of demonstrative evidence, the risks associated with inadmissibility are greatly reduced.<br />
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Misconception #3 - "Animation and Simulation are the same thing" <br />
There are two distinct ways to develop an animation and although the end result may try to achieve the same thing, they are fundamentally different in the means by which they are created.<br />
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A simulation is typically the output of a program which is operated by a qualified accident reconstructionist. The program has a set of key behaviours (i.e. mathematical equations) which define the movement of objects when given a set of known parameters. It is up to the accident reconstructionist to define all the input variables and ensure they are accurate. Once this is complete, the program is initiated to calculate all the positions of objects through some specific time.<br />
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The simulation software may also output the motion of objects in the form of exportable tabularized data and/or animation. However, most manufacturers of simulation based software programs have not been able to achieve the same level of realism as most animators are able to do with 3D visualization software. There may be a number of reasons to this which deal with further complicating already complex software or that perhaps the time spent on development is in the mathematics behind the simulation software and not primarily in the visualization or presentation of the data.<br />
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Another important issue which is common with simulation software is the validity of the data available. The old saying "garbage in, garbage out" is applicable. Since a simulation would typically be used as substantive evidence, it can get difficult to prove something is accurate without having solid data to back the animation up.<br />
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Animation <br />
Demonstrative Evidence - illustrates how something works or how something happened based on the testimony of the expert or eye witness. The animator, not the software is responsible for accurately moving and positioning objects over time. <br />
Does not try to prove anything, but just facilitates the account or testimony of a witness.<br />
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Simulation <br />
Substantive Evidence - Takes actual dynamics and physics into account. The objects are not animated by "hand", but by software based on calculated inputs or data. <br />
Tries to prove that something may have occurred a certain way. <br />
Visually, an animation is more eye catching and realistic. <br />
Simulations are improving in their presentation, but are still lacking realism.<br />
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On the other hand, an animation may be based on an eye witness testimony, calculations of the accident reconstructionist or from data output by a simulation package. All the events of an animation in a typical 3D visualization package are calculated and setup by the animator. Animations are almost always disclosed as demonstrative evidence and they do not try to "prove" anything. They are merely another form of expressing the opinion of the expert witness and are always presented as demonstrative evidence.<br />
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Misconception #4 - "We need it yesterday". <br />
There have been many advances in the technology that forensic animators use which has improved the speed and efficiency of their work. Computer processing speeds have grown exponentially and the advances in software have allowed animators to do things which were simply not possible several years ago. There are even tools provided to animators which allow them to write custom scripts for repetitive tasks and specialized functions. <br />
These advances in speed and ability would make one think that the time to complete an animation should also have been greatly reduced; however, this is not the case.<br />
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Part of this reason is simply the nature of the animation process. Much work needs to go into the understanding of the case, reading reports, taking measurements and verifying accuracy. This part alone can take a large part of the man-hours to create the animation. <br />
Also, creating the 3D models ("scene assets") necessary to populate the animation is still a time consuming process. There are some advantages when a "library" of standard models is used (i.e. stop signs, light poles, traffic signs), however since each case is different and the specific details need to be reflected in the animation (such as the scene topography or specific damage to the vehicle), time must be spent to customize or create models from scratch.<br />
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Technology has effectively brought many more options to the realm of visualization which means that more work is being done in a similar amount of time. If one were to compare the time to produce an animation which was done 15 years ago to the same animation done today, there would be a noticeable decrease in the time to complete. However, the overall quality of presentation would certainly not be as appealing to the eye. <br />
Due to media such as television and film and video games, people have become accustomed to a higher level of realism. The same animation which was used 15 years ago in a court of law, may not be as appealing or credible to an audience today.<br />
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It is important to leave as much time as possible to get a high quality animation and to allow time for the opponents to cross examine the animation. On average, a typical animation from a reputable forensic animator requires anywhere from a few weeks to months to complete depending on the availability of information, number of scenarios/views requested, level of realism and complexity of the animation. Unfortunately, there are still no "magic buttons" to do the manual work of a forensic animator.<br />
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Misconception #5 - "It's much too expensive" <br />
Perhaps the most important piece of advice is to use a reputable and experienced forensic animator. There are some animation houses which specialize in advertizing or graphics which like to take on forensic work, but without a qualified and experienced forensic animator, there is a higher risk that the entire animation may be inadmissible. <br />
A qualified forensic animator will bring to light all the options available, provide sound advice and set clear objectives up front. Setting clear objectives is possibly one of the most overlooked points. Without knowing the expectations, the goals of the animation are often missed or not well communicated resulting in last minute changes and edits which further increase the cost.<br />
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It is important the lawyers and accident reconstructionists understand the animation process and where the amount of man-hours are typically invested. Most forensic animators estimate or charge based on an hourly rate; however there are some which still prefer to quote by the case/project.<br />
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The general rule of thumb is that as the level of realism, complexity, number of scenarios and camera views increases, then so does the cost. This is why it is important to understand what is being requested of an animator. For example, changing a camera view slightly has a smaller impact on cost than does adding different animation scenarios with objects in different locations.<br />
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By taking a second look at forensic animations and their misconceptions, it is clear that there needs to be some understanding of the animating process by the client. Having an up front and open discussion about the objectives of the animation are imperative to having a positive impact on the case.<br />
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Drawing on the experience of a professional forensic animator who can explain the options available to a client and can discuss their associated costs removes the risk of falling short of the goals and ensures animations will be admissible in court.<br />
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Eugene Liscio is the owner of AI2- 3D Animations which specializes in forensic animations for litigation support. AI2 actively promotes the use of Forensic Animations, 3D Virtual Models, photogrammetry and other visual strategies for the courtroom. Eugene is a registered engineer in the province of Ontario, Canada.<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1uVRtSYA0YFl_savlFrwrUT6cL4QtoWMjmiju1FLJnwDzFbsO7WRDWEwCmfgEH1HZecvasKGFXUALDb7QZbw9iwhT6ojw-IFwCVwlk8mZCbJ5Dk0Hp32OG647PfENuYbsUIPCL1Us1lQ/s1600/white+dog+cute-5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1uVRtSYA0YFl_savlFrwrUT6cL4QtoWMjmiju1FLJnwDzFbsO7WRDWEwCmfgEH1HZecvasKGFXUALDb7QZbw9iwhT6ojw-IFwCVwlk8mZCbJ5Dk0Hp32OG647PfENuYbsUIPCL1Us1lQ/s1600/white+dog+cute-5.jpg" /></a></div>adminhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14768363354611659042noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7412523339961171648.post-2784177172768576092012-07-01T21:51:00.000-07:002012-07-01T21:51:34.383-07:00Humans Are Animals But Animals Are Not Human<b> Introduction:</b><br />
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</b><br />
<b>It seems that there is a lack of understanding and more than a few misconceptions when it comes to the </b>subject of animals. This article will discuss some of these misconceptions and the realizations that we need to make if we are to avoid deaths and animal attacks. The problem seems to lie in our misconceptions that animals are driven by emotions rather than by pure survival instincts. This causes us to attribute an animal attack to the human emotion of anger or revenge. I know that all people do not hold these misconceptions, which would be presumptuous. What I am saying is that a majority of people do, simply based upon the evidence. The evidence I refer to includes television shows on Discovery, Animal Planet, TNT, etc. It also includes the news media, and even Academia. Again, some shows are guiltier than others, but the fallacies range from the small to the absurd.<br />
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The main point the reader needs to take from this article is that animals are animals, driven by basic instincts necessary for their survival. They do not feel anger, jealousy, love, or plot revenge. Although some animals may contain the capacity for these emotions, I doubt those senses are as highly developed or reasoned through as ours seem to be. So, when we attempt to attribute human emotions to animal motivations we are making a silly mistake. We need only try to look at the situation from the animal's point of view. This shouldn't be hard, because we have the ability to reason. We need only attempt to return to a state of mind that we haven't had since we rubbed sticks together and drew on cave walls.<br />
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The Main Issues:<br />
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The tree hugger is as much to blame as the hunter. When a nature lover is attacked brutally by an animal and survives they usually make the statement; "It didn't know what it was doing". This is not true. The animal knew full well what it was doing. They would also make the claim that they should not have put themselves in that situation. That statement actually is true, to an extent. When we venture out into nature we cannot expect that we will not be attacked by a wild animal. What we must expect is that there is a possibility, and we must accept responsibility for this if we are going into the woods anyways.<br />
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Animals are finding their natural lands threatened by housing developments, businesses, and other activities that bring human beings into areas where animals used to roam. Their territory is shrinking. So, when we go out into the woods than it is our responsibility. If a person enters the forest for any reason, and is attacked by an animal, whatever the reason; it's their fault. Why? Because they know in the back of their mind that it is a possibility. If you go into the woods with your children and they are attacked, then it is the parent's fault. Why? Because they knew it was a possibility. You have every right to take the risk, but when and if something bad happens, you can't blame the animal.<br />
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There are people out there who believe that animals are of no consequence. The only thing that matters in this world is the human race. If an animal is hit by a car, shot, or killed by anything other than natural means; so what. This is a very ignorant viewpoint to have for one reason. We live in a world that is governed by balance. One thing affects another and if one species disappears it will affect other species. Sometimes it can be in a good way for that species and sometimes it can be in a bad way. If all predatory birds were to go extinct than it would be great for rodents. It would not be so good for whatever the rodents feed upon and it most certainly would not be good for us. Granted some species can go extinct without greatly upsetting the balance of things. It's when multiple extinctions occur that a major problem will arise. These individuals that do not hold animals in high regard, when attacked by animals, usually are quick to anger. That animal attacked me and therefore must die! I doubt that they would even consider the possibility that they bore any responsibility whatsoever for entering the woods that day. The bottom line is that if people enter the woods, we must be aware of the dangers. This goes for any natural environment that we consciously enter, knowing full well that we could be attacked by a bear or a shark.<br />
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I will never forget an episode of Worlds Most Amazing Video or maybe it was the Most Extreme, where an elephant was rampaging through the streets of Mexico. If I remember correctly, this elephant was performing in a circus, turned on its trainer (killing him), and then began running through the streets. This elephant ended up being shot to death in the street. I had no problem with that, it was clear the animal had to be taken down. What I did have a problem with was the statement made by the bonehead commentator of the show. He stated, "This is a tragic event, but let's not forget why this was necessary." That may not be his statement word for word, but the point is clear. The elephant had to die because it was a rampaging monster! How ignorant is that? In my opinion that was an extremely ignorant statement that had me cursing out loud at my television set. It is true that the elephant did kill his trainer. It is also true that the elephant was out of control. Why are these the only valid points? Did anyone stop to think that the elephant should not have been there in the first place? Elephants do not belong in circuses and they do not belong in zoos. The only purpose a zoo should serve is to rehabilitate injured animals or to shelter animals that are endangered.<br />
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Animals are wild, the only mistake made in the elephant situation is that "WE", thought we could tame or control this animal. Can we do it? Yes, we can, but should we, NO! Personally, if an animal that is in a zoo or a circus attacks a person then I do not want to hear about it. No sympathy will be found with me. The bottom line is that animals belong in the wild. I do not care how tame or domesticated we think that they are. The chance will always remain that they can attack for reasons that really do not matter. I have a hard enough time trying to figure out why people do some of the things they do. The last thing I want to have to do on a daily basis is try to figure out what an elephant, bear or a shark was thinking.<br />
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When I was younger, I went to zoos. The last time I visited a zoo I was 21 years old, and it was at Busch Gardens and Disney's Wild Kingdom. I am 31 years old and I have not been to a zoo since. I will never go to a zoo again simply because I do not believe in them. To take a wild animal and stick it in a cage for our amusement is simply ridiculous. How many of us would like to be stuck in an enclosure, I don't care how natural or comfortable that it is, and then told we can never leave? Not many, but since we are not talking about people than it does not matter. Animals do not belong in cages. They are meant to be out in the wild. So, when we place animals in situations that they instinctually do not belong in then we cannot hold them accountable for their actions. The only people that can be held accountable for animal attacks occurring in zoos or a circus are we. Not just the owner of the zoo or circus, but the person that was attacked as well. After all, they are the ones paying the fee to enter an area where dangerous animals are kept. Its all about responsibility and too often are we not willing to accept our share of the responsibility in this day and age.<br />
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Animals are not governed by the same things that we are. If a person wrongs us then we get angry. If a person loves us then we love back. Human beings are capable of an array of emotions including, jealousy, happiness, sadness, anger, fear, etc. We also have the ability to plot and scheme. If someone makes us extremely angry or jealous then we may wish to do harm against that other person. Animals do not think this way and yet whenever I hear, or read of an animal attack; I always hear someone try to attribute human motivations to why the animal behaved the way it did. Real life is not Lady and the Tramp, or Over the Hedge. Animals do not reason like we do. The only activities that animal are concerned with are eating, sleeping, pooping, peeing, and reproduction. From the day they are born till the day they die, they are only concerned with life processes.<br />
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Our way of life along with our highly developed brain allows us to move beyond these simple processes. They are still there and will forever remain the focal point of life, but they will never consume as much of our lives as it does for animals. Humans still need to eat, sleep, poop, pee, reproduce, etc. We have more free time that allows us to focus on other things. We work for food and recreational things. We get water from a well and live in houses and apartments. This allows us to apply our energies elsewhere. Animals are not afforded this. Mainly because they have not evolved to the extent that humans have. This is nobodies fault, its just how it is. With this evolution comes responsibility on our part. We have to realize that we are responsible for our actions because we are aware of our actions. It is different with animals, they are not aware of their actions.<br />
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If I am walking in the woods and a grizzly bear attacks me, it does not do so out of anger. The grizzly may simply see me as an easy target. If it is hungry then it will look for food. It is wrong to say that human beings are not part of what they eat. A bear will eat just about anything if it is hungry. We know that bears eat meat. In fact, bears have been known to eat everything from berries to bucks. I think the reason that we say things like, "They don't normally eat people", or "We are not part of their diet", is because we are rarely in contact with bears. Since our evolution we have put ourselves in contained environments called houses, which are surrounded by towns and cities. No bears here, although in rural areas, residents can catch glimpses of bears in their back yards. The bottom line is that we are meat. Yes, human beings are meat. We are. You can slice us, dice us, stick us in a frying pan, and eat us. You will not starve either. I'm sure we are packed with tons of protein and fat, perfect for surviving long winters. We don't normally think of us as food, because we tend to frown on cannibalism. We eat chicken, beef, pork, lamb, duck, lobsters, crabs, etc, etc. There is very little on this earth that we don't eat.<br />
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Why is a bear eating a person any more appalling than a human eating a bear? I think the main reason is that we then imagine if it were we getting eaten, and then we conclude that it would suck. Whether it sucks or not does not matter. What does matter is that we are edible just like any other animal on this planet. To say that a bear is blood thirsty, or got the taste for blood is a ridiculous statement as well. From the time they are a bear cub; they have the taste for blood and they eat plenty of it. What they mean by "have a taste for blood" is that they have tasted human and like it. Here is a good example. If I had never tasted Chinese food before and then I try it, and then it turns out that I love it. I am going to want to eat Chinese food as often as possible. In reality I love Chinese food, and would eat it everyday if I could. The same may be true for bears. How do we know what we taste like? We don't eat each other so how do we know whether or not we taste good? For all we know human meat could be the greatest freaking tasting meat on the face of the earth. I will bet it is very tender, given the less active nature of our society.<br />
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So, if a bear attacks me, and he gets a taste; it may just be that he likes it. It is only natural for the bear to seek out some more of that tasty meat. So, it is not that a bear is blood thirsty, it just means that he has tasted human, likes it, and continues to seek it. Human beings make nice targets. Look at us, we have no claws, no long sharp teeth, we are not very big, and have lost the ability to protect ourselves in the wild without a club, knife, or a gun. The only thing we have going for us in that situation is our higher intelligence. Since we can't kill the bear with our bare hands we are forced to try and outsmart it by playing dead. Incidentally we are not the only animals that employ this tactic.<br />
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Another very important piece the grizzly bear attack puzzle is human expansion. We are constantly expanding into new territories that were once inhabited by these animals. How can we be sure how they view this activity? As I said before, I doubt they exhibit any rational human thought to the situation, but they do recognize change. Some animals may be able to associate humans with this change that threatens their home. This may trigger a natural instinct to attack. This may lead an animal to kill for the sake of killing. It is not out of anger or jealousy. All the animal knows is that we are responsible for the changes, they feel threatened, and they attack. This is much the same as a young male lion challenging the older lion for control of the pride. During rutting season, bucks lock horns for the right to mate. These are instinctual actions that may be triggered by human encroachment into an animal's territory. This would then cause an animal to see us as a threat, and in the animal world you only do two things with a threat: you either drive it away or you kill it. This behavior may account for some of the animal attacks that occur in this country and around the world.<br />
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Of course; It depends upon what animal you are talking about. Bears, deer, big cats may exhibit this behavior but it is highly unlikely that a shark or a crocodile would. In the case of many shark attacks it is either a case mistaken identity, or they just don't care, because it looks edible and they are going to eat it. It can't say for sure about crocs, but I would assume that the majority of attacks are about food with a handful about territory.<br />
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Conclusions;<br />
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The bottom line is that many of the animal attacks that occur in this country are simply a matter of an opportune meal. Human beings wander into environments where animals live and they simply view us as an easy target. Animals see us as food, nothing more. How often do we think twice before cutting into a steak or eating a burger? This is much the same way, as a predator would view us in their environment. They don't see us as a person; they see us as a nice juicy steak...for arguments sake. We need to keep this in mind before we venture out anywhere that we can come into contact with these animals. Even if you don't think of some of these animals as dangerous, you still have to be cautious. Just ask anyone that has been attacked by a deer! Many of us would not assume a deer would pose a threat, but they can do damage. In the end we cannot ever really comprehend why the animal attacked us. The fact remains that animals can and do attack. Sometimes we live and sometimes we die. If we choose to enter the woods then we much accept this consequence. We must also keep this in mind when moving into a new housing development. It will take animals time to let go of old territories and seek out new territories. Unfortunately they may not always be able to and this brings humans and animals into contact more and more. As much as we like to think that we rule the earth, it's only an illusion. It is an illusion that can cost us dearly if we are not careful in the future.<br />
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I am not saying that if a bear kills a person or a child that it should not be killed. Personally, I believe it depends upon the circumstances of the attack and the wishes of the family members. Ultimately, whether or not the animal is put down I assure you that the animal has no sense of right or wrong. If an animal such as a bear eats a person, than in all likely hood it will try to eat another. We must taste good to them, or else the statement, "That bears got a taste for blood", would not have survived as long as it has. So ,what do you do with an animal like that? I guess the only thing we could do is try not to give them the opportunity to get a liking for people meat. We need to be more aware about how the world works beyond the confines of our cities and towns. There is another world that we left long ago called the wild. Knowledge is power. We need to be aware of the possibility of an attack when we enter the woods. We must always be aware that if we live in rural areas that the possibility still also remains. We should familiarize ourselves with the animals that pose a threat in our region and find out what measures we can take to ensure our safety.<br />
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As far as zoos go, we should take full responsibility there. If an animal in captivity eats one of us then oh freaking well! It's our fault the animal is in that situation in the first place. Elephants belong in Africa, polar bears belong up north, and lions belong in Africa, and so on and so forth. We can't expect them to suppress millions of years of natural instincts simply because we want to train them to entertain us. That is simply absurd. The same can be said for a circus or any other form of entertainment that utilizes wild animals. No matter how well trained we think they may be, they can still attack us for whatever reason. The bottom line is that we would not get attacked if we did not put animals in the position to attack us. If we had left the elephant in Mexico in Africa where it belongs than that trainer would still be alive today, hopefully in a different profession.<br />
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Even the most domesticated animals on the planet can still be unpredictable. A dog can turn on its owner in a heartbeat. It may have never done so before and it may never do so again. Still, it is not that animal's fault; it is the fault of the person with the animal. I have had more than my fare share of cats and dogs in my lifetime and I have had a few scars to prove it. As far as I am concerned it goes with the territory. If I am willing to have a pet then I must be willing to bear the consequences of that animal's action.<br />
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<b>In English, main dictionary sources define anime as "a Japanese style of motion-picture animation" or "a style </b>of animation developed in Japan". Since anime or animçshon is used to describe all forms of animation, Japanimation is used to distinguish Japanese work from that of the rest of the world.<br />
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In more recent years, anime has also frequently been referred to as manga in European countries, a practice that may stem from the Japanese usage: In Japan, manga can refer to both animation and comics (although the use of manga to refer to animation is mostly restricted to non-fans).<br />
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Anime often draws influence from manga, light novels, and other cultures. Anime can be broadcast on television and is widely distributed via any form of media presentations, such as DVD, video and the internet. Anime is sometimes referred to as Japanimation, but this term has fallen into disuse<br />
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When it comes to the countries that are outside of Japan, the word is known to most popularly refer to the animation that originates in Japan.<br />
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However, if you travel to the west you will find that the word anime is not always considered as referring to animation but it is thought to be a subset of animation.<br />
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Anime is available outside of Japan in localized form. Anime has also been a commercial success in Asia, Europe and Latin America, where anime has become even more mainstream than in the United States.<br />
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Anime features a wide variety of artistic styles. There is some anime that is drawn by hand however there is also some that is computer assisted animation which has actually became very popular over the years.<br />
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Anime or manga tends to be targeted at teenage or young male adults. Anime is often considered a form of limited animation. When it comes to anime, it is just like any other entertainment medium in which the actual story lines are used to actually represent the major genres of the actual fiction.<br />
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There are many ways that you can watch anime because of the fact that it is broadcasted on television as well as distributed on media that is often known as DVD as well as VHS and it is also included in the video games that are played by adults as well as children.<br />
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There is some anime that is even produced as motion pictures that are full length. It is known that anime actually draws its influence from what are known as manga as well as light novels and certain other cultures as well.<br />
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There have also been some anime storylines that have actually been adapted into what is known as live action films as well as television series.<br />
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The actual history of anime is known to have begun in the very beginning of the twentieth century. This was the actual time that the Japanese filmmakers were experimenting with the techniques of animation. This type of animation was also at that time being experimented with in other countries such as France and Germany as well as Russia and the United States as well.<br />
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As a result of this work and that of other pioneers in the field, anime developed characteristics and genres that are fundamental elements of the art today.<br />
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Anime became very popular in Japan because it provided an alternative outlet for the art of storytelling. In sharp contrast when compared to the undeveloped industry of live action that was currently being used within Japan.<br />
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In the United States as that time the live action industry had a generous budget, whereas the country of Japan had a small market and they also suffered from budgeting problems as well as location and not to mention the restrictions that were placed on the casting.<br />
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Anime-influenced animation refers to non-Japanese works of animation that emulate the visual style of anime. Some authorities say that Anime is closely related to the Japanese comics, called manga. Anime also tends to borrow many elements from manga including text in the background, and borrowing panel layouts from the manga as well.<br />
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Many anime series got their start as popular manga. Anime is often thought provoking and provides an excellent foundation for raising important issues with your children. Some anime storylines have been adapted into live action films and television series<br />
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Anime burst onto the scene in September of 1963, when NBC syndicated a dubbed version of the Japanese series Astro Boy. Robot anime like Gundam and Macross became instant classics in the 80s, and the robot genre of anime is still one of the most heard of in Japan and worldwide today.<br />
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In the 1980s, anime was accepted in the mainstream in Japan, and experienced a boom in production (It should be noticed that, manga has significantly more mainstream exposure than anime in Japan). The mid-to-late '90s, on into the 2000s, saw an increased acceptance of anime in overseas markets.<br />
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There are many books available that can help in perfecting the anime drawing style. Such books come complete with information and instructions on the styles used in anime.<br />
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A common approach is the large eyes style drawn on many anime and manga characters, credited to the influence of Osamu Tezuka, who was inspired by the exaggerated features of American cartoon characters such as Betty Boop and Mickey Mouse and from Disney's Bambi.<br />
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Although not all anime have large eyes many western audiences associate anime with large detailed eyes as many shounen or boy comics and shoujo young girl comics depict their characters with large eyes.<br />
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Other stylistic elements are common as well; often in comedic anime, characters that are shocked or surprised will perform a "face fault", in which they display an extremely exaggerated expression.<br />
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In anime the lines are often influenced more from a stylistic look from brushwork, rather than that of the calligrapher's pen. This is best demonstrated in the anime Karekano.<br />
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The anime may also be edited to alter cultural references that may not be understood by a non-Japanese person and certain companies may remove what may be perceived as objectionable content.<br />
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Anime also provides a window into another culture. Anime seems to function very effectively as a cultural ambassador.<br />
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Anime has a dedicated fan following in English speaking countries, particularly active on the Internet, and at conventions regularly held throughout the US and UK.<br />
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From 1988 to the present<br />
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Disney's return<br />
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In the mid 80's, the American animation industry fell into disgrace. Toy commercials masquerading as entertainment programs cartoons dominated the evening and the morning of Saturday, and the only experiment was carried out by independent developers. Even animated films were projected in theaters at times, but the glory of the old days was gone. Even the animation giant Disney, which had fought a corporate acquisition in the 80's, was considering abandoning the production of animated feature films.<br />
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Both the enthusiastic audience, critics, and the animators were taken by surprise when the long-awaited renaissance of animation began in the oldest and most conservative corporation, Disney.<br />
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Disney had a drastic change in the 80, its new chief Michael Eisner the company relocated to his feet, returning to its roots and revitalizing their studies. With great fanfare, in 1988 the study worked with Steven Spielberg to produce the animated film Who Framed Roger Rabbit, directed by Robert Zemeckis. The film was a success, and gave to the animation industry awaited push for that time. Roger Rabbit not only earned him a pile of money for Disney, but also sparked the popularity of the classic animation that continues to this day. The history of animation suddenly became an object of study (and their fans). Several directors, business legend, such as Chuck Jones and Friz Freleng were suddenly in the spotlight, being acclaimed after decades of being virtually ignored by audiences and industry professionals.<br />
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Disney continued the success of Who Framed Roger Rabbit? with "The Little Mermaid", the first of a series of animated films that seemed to recapture the magic of the golden age of Walt Disney himself. The studio invested heavily in new technology of computer animation for such purposes, but could do super-productions like "Beauty and the Beast" and "Aladdin," which attracted audiences that were not seen in decades, and Once provided a visual feast that has not been exceeded since the 40. The peak of the hit Disney was in 1994 when his film "The Lion King" exceeded all expectations of the study to become one of the most successful of all time. Even later Disney films as "Pocahontas," "The Hunchback of Notre Dame", "Hercules," "Mulan" and "Tarzan" was blockbusters.<br />
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Disney has also made inroads into the neglected area of the animated TV series. With the success of shows like "The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh", "The Adventures of the Gummi Bears Disney" and "Duck adventures", the "new" Disney made his mark in TV pictures. Through association and repetition, Disney can provide high quality animation for TV. A series of large diffusion was conducted in mid-nineties, with some critics designating "Gargoyles" as the Disney animation project for TV's most ambitious and best done artistically. The soundtracks of each of these animated films were an important part of its success, because Disney was including in each of these projects a loud voice from the world of music, such as Elton John (The Lion King), Luis Miguel (The Hunchback of Notre Dame), Ricky Martin (Hercules), Christina Aguilera (Mulan), Celine Dion (Beauty and the Beast), Ricardo Montaner (Aladin), Jon Secada (Pocahontas), among others.<br />
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Spielberg and animation<br />
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Spielberg and Bluth<br />
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While Disney gave new life to animation, Steven Spielberg was making his own way. Animation amateur life, Spielberg was also interested in making high quality animation, and worked with his rival, Don Bluth animation producer to produce "Fievel and the New World." The box office success of this and Bluth's next film, "In The Land", Hollywood made him realize that Disney did not hold a monopoly on animated features. The other Hollywood studios resumed production of its own animated features, but still falling into the trap of trying to imitate Disney's 1997 film Don Bluth, "Anastasia", produced by Fox, is mentioned as the one launched the Fox Animation Studios and Disney's rival, however, these studies failed to succeed after "Anastasia" and closed in 1999. Like most successful productions of Disney, "Anastasia" was attended by Thalia, who played the central theme of the soundtrack in its versions in Spanish, English and Portuguese.<br />
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Spielberg and Warner Bros.<br />
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Spielberg, meanwhile, switched to TV and worked with animation studio Warner Bros. to produce "The Tiny Toon Adventures," a high quality animated series that paid homage to the great cartoons of Termite Terrace. "The Tiny Toon Adventures" had a good rating thanks to its young viewers, which inspired the Warner Bros to resurrect his dying animation studio and once again a contender in the field of animation. The Tiny Toon Steven Spielberg were continued by presenting "Animaniacs" and "Pinky and the Brain". The latter not only attracted new viewers to Warner Bros., but also captured the attention of viewers adolescents and adults.<br />
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Bakshi's return<br />
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Ralph Bakshi, director of innovative animated films like "Fritz the Cat" and original "Lord of the Rings", returned to animation after making a brief stop in the mid 80's. In 1985, he teamed up with the young Canadian animator John Kricfalusi and the legendary British band "The Rolling Stones" to make an animated music video for "The Harlem Shuffle", which was completed in early 1986. Although the music video did not talk much, he built a production team "Bakshi Animation" project continued with the short-lived but well received, "The New Adventures of Mighty Mouse." Bakshi & Co, worked on numerous projects at the end of the 80, but the biggest project was "Cool World: a blonde between two worlds", which premiered in 1992. The production got out of hand and ended up being severely criticized and forgotten by almost everyone.<br />
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Outsourcing animation<br />
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The main reason for increasing the quality of American animation is the ability to outsource the heavy lifting to cheaper animation houses in the South and Southeast Asia gaining a large number of frames at low cost. The script, character design and storyboarding is done in American offices. The storyboard, models and color books are mailed abroad. Sometimes causes problems because no final product can be completed until the frames are mailed to the U.S.. Although budgets have been reduced, foreign productions houses are chosen per episode, or even per scene, depending on the amount of money available at that time. As a result there is a big difference in quality from one episode to another. This is particularly evident in shows like "Gargoyles" and "Batman": The Animated Series where, sometimes, the characters seem completely different from one episode to the dismay of its directors.<br />
<br />
Adult Animation<br />
<br />
The Simpsons<br />
<br />
In the 90's came a new wave of animated series whose primary aim was the adults, after an absence in the genre over a decade. In 1989, "The Simpsons," an animated short based on the "The Tracey Ullman Show," became the first animated series in prime time since "The Flintstones" and captivated a large part of the audience. It was the first hit series for the fledgling Fox, caused little sensitivity, entering popular culture and gaining wide acceptance. In 2008, "The Simpsons" seem to show no signs of stopping, and could surpass "Gunsmoke" as the fiction program on the air longer the history of American television. In 2007 have released their first film, titled "The Simpsons: The Movie", dubbed in Spanish and Chinese.<br />
<br />
Ren and Stimpy<br />
<br />
In 1991, Nickelodeon premiered "The Ren and Stimpy Show," "Ren and Stimpy" was a quirky series run riot violated all the traditional restrictions of correct drawings of Saturday morning and instead favored the quirky style of the short the golden era. Moreover, the series creator, John Kricfalusi, who had worked as an animator during the downturn of Saturday morning, was much influenced by the classic works of Bob Clampett.<br />
<br />
Spike & Mike<br />
<br />
Alongside mainstream animation nineties there was a strange and experimental movement. In a short animation festival in 1989, organized by Craig Decker and Mike Gribble Spike (known as "Spike & Mike") and originally located in San Diego. It all started with the representation of a collection of thematic short, known as the Classic Festival of Animation, in places of business meetings and trade throughout the country.<br />
<br />
The collections were made mostly by Oscar-nominated short, works of students of the Institute of the Arts in California and experimental work of the National Film Board of Canada. The first festival included works by John Lasseter, Nick Park and Mike Judge. Judge's work, "Frog Baseball" marked the first appearance of their franchise characters Beavis and Butthead.<br />
<br />
However, the festival gradually became a film program called Spike and Mike's Sick and Twisted Festival of Animation and turned into an underground movement of adult humor and subject matter.<br />
<br />
Adult Swim<br />
<br />
In 1994, Cartoon Network gave consent to a new series called "Space Ghost" coast to coast with a particular postmodern turn, showed live interviews with celebrities, mixed with cartoon animations original "Space Ghost." The series made the leap with the production of Hanna-Barbera, now owned by Cartoon Network. It was the beginning of a common practice used old Hanna-Barbera characters for new productions, as the surreal "Underwater Laboratory 2021", based on the cartoon short early 70's "Sealab 2020." Also, Harvey Birdman, attorney, on a mediocre superhero, Birdman which was originally the star of Birdman and Galaxy trio had become a lawyer. Its customers, like many of the characters in the series, came completely from old Hanna-Barbera characters.<br />
<br />
In addition to large animation files old and cheap, independent animators also began to benefit from new digital technologies. An artist with sufficient technical skills could explore new styles and forms with much more freedom. The traditional animation skills of drawing and painting had given way to digital manipulation and aggressive use new techniques of animation.<br />
<br />
Along with these new programs, the American audience, particularly in geographic areas influenced by fusion with the cultures of the Pacific coast, began to adopt Japanese cartoon, or anime, 80. This growing market for anime videos satisfy the public child and adolescent, with a large number of Japanese series translated into English. Initially access was limited to videos, but the anime as it became a mainstream found its way into the film department stores throughout the U.S.. As the animation occupies a different place in Japanese culture, including a range of issues not addressed by the American animation.<br />
<br />
"Adult Swim" is a block of animation for adults that is issued at the start of primetime on Cartoon Network, leads the adult industry and has the latest technology in animation. Adult Swim, which originally aired on Sunday night in 2006 was in the air until 5:00 AM, and was broadcast every night except Friday. The series, which is produced exclusively for Adult Swim, as "The Brak Show," "Aqua Teen Hunger Force" and "Tom Goes to the Mayor", tend to be surreal and bizarre, but also considered fresh and original. Adult Swim reissued series "Futurama" and played an important role to avoid the cancellation of "Family Guy". In addition, it also issues numerous popular Anime series such as "FLCL", "Lupin III" and "Inuyasha."<br />
<br />
Other drawings for adults<br />
<br />
Other TV stations also experimented with animation for adults. MTV has produced several animated series especially for young and adult audiences, "Liquid Television" and "Beavis and Butthead". Even USA Network program found a cult following with his "Duckman show". But the adult animated series of the 90 most successful was "South Park" which premiered in 1996 as a cartoon pirate on the Internet.<br />
<br />
The more fast-paced animation and disturbingly clandestine saw the light, the more dominant force in television animation was, led to an increasingly frenetic territory and perhaps eschatological, for example in "The Tick and Duckman."<br />
<br />
In 2005, adult animation pioneer Ralph Bakshi said he would work on another film, "The Last Days of Coney Island" which he would finance and produce independently.<br />
<br />
The decline of the Saturday Morning<br />
<br />
After spending nearly a coma for over two decades, the American animation industry experienced a sudden growth in the 90. Several new studies appeared keen to take risks, and found a large number of markets to sell their talent. Along with the animated TV series, the animation used in television commercials, video games and music videos. The small animation studios challenged "Hanna-Barbera Productions" in the market for TV animation.<br />
<br />
In fact, Hanna-Barbera could not compete with the new varieties of animation on the market. During the time that dominated the entire spectrum of pictures of the Saturday morning Hanna-Barbera had virtually no competition, causing a deterioration in the quality of its series. In the 90's, the study could only offer fried as "A Pup Named Scooby-Doo" and "Tom and Jerry Kids Show" to compete with "Fox Kids" and the new "WB Television Network" from Warner Bros. Hanna-Barbera stayed behind and found himself completely bought by Turner Broadcasting.<br />
<br />
Hanna-Barbera not only had problems adapting to the changes that are spread all over the TV. The "Big Three" networks (ABC, NBC and CBS) found its loyal audience being eroded by competition from new channels, including new strains of "Cable TV" as Nickelodeon, Disney Channel and Cartoon Network. Video games and movies available on video also helped change the market, to the point that for a time gave NBC cartoons altogether. The ABC was bought by Disney, and Disney turned the grill on Saturday in a series of Disney animated productions.<br />
<br />
While the series animated in large networks seemed mediocre, the cable television cartoon achieved several successes. Nickelodeon did see light cult hits like "Doug," "Rugrats," "Ren and Stimpy," "Rocko's Modern Life," "SpongeBob," "Invader Zim" and "The Fairly OddParents." Meanwhile, a new owner of Hanna-Barbera, Time Warner, the study focused on the creation of new drawings for the Cartoon Network. Hanna-Barbera was an influx of fresh blood and a new generation of drawings of Hanna-Barbera cartoon was born as "Dexter's Laboratory," "Johnny Bravo", "Cow and Chicken", "Powerpuff Girls" and " Courage the Cowardly Dog. "<br />
<br />
Still, each new piece of animation was not a gold mine. The Disney animated films began to suffer in quality to late 1990, after the producer Jeff Katzenberg left the studio and team up with Steven Spielberg and David Geffen to form DreamWorks. Also, several animated films were released in the 90 trying to imitate the success of Disney, but as in the Years 1930 and 1940, the animations of 20th Century Fox and Warner Bros could not catch a considerable market segment Disney movies that had been dominant. In particular, Warner Bros, had a string of failures "Cats Do not Dance", "The Magic Sword" and "The Iron Giant" (the latter being praised by critics and audiences, but virtually being ignored by most the public) died at the box office. Warner Bros. also tried to recreate the success of "Roger Rabbit" to "Space Jam", an attempt to combine the popularity of Bugs Bunny with basketball superstar Michael Jordan.<br />
<br />
In addition, the market trend of children continued during the 90's, almost as ubiquitous as a decade earlier. Two major events dominated toy many children's programs in the afternoons of the weekend: "Mighty Morphin Power Rangers" in the mid-90 and "Pokemon" from the latter half of the 90's to mid Years 2000. Until the animation suffered another revival in the 2000s, a great deal (and many dollars spent) continued to spend on merchandising.<br />
<br />
The growth of computer animation<br />
<br />
Yet another wild card is added to this crowded and competitive atmosphere with the emergence of a new wave of "Computer Animation". The decade of the 90 experienced an exponential improvement in the use of computers to enhance animated sequences and special effects. This new form of entertainment soon dominated the world of special effects in Hollywood (the film "Terminator 2": "The Judgement" and "Jurassic Park" included impressive computer-animated sequences), and was only a matter of time to find a film produced entirely with computers.<br />
<br />
Once again it was Disney who led this area. Disney animators had introduced computer-generated sequences gently in his movies, as in early 1991 in "Beauty and the Beast." A computer-generated magic carpet played a significant role in "Aladdin." In 1995, Disney produced with Pixar "Toy Story", the first completely computer generated film. The film was a huge success and created a new movement, other studies investigated produce their own computer-animated films (CGI).<br />
<br />
Perhaps because it first developed as a new method of creating special effects, computer animation was not seen as a form of "children's entertainment." After decades as related but separate industries, the line between animation and special effects are eliminated by the popularization of computer special effects, to the extent that the use of computers in Hollywood movies has become a natural. The best special effects are often so subtle they go completely unnoticed. The winner of the Oscar for best special effects with "Forrest Gump" (1994) relied heavily on computer special effects to create the illusion of realism, to the extent that the actor Tom Hanks was seen shaking hands with U.S. President John Fitzgerald Kennedy. The movie "Titanic" used computer graphics to bring each scene in three hours, which produced a level of realism that helped the film itself to become the biggest movie box office tax collection so far.<br />
<br />
The computer animation has also made forays into television. The series of Saturday morning "ReBoot" gained much popularity among adults, this was the first of many CGI series like "Beast Wars," "War Planets" and "Roughnecks". The quality of computer animation has improved considerably with each new series. Many non-animated TV series (especially science fiction "Babylon 5") invested heavily in CGI production, producing special effects of a higher quality of its predecessors could dream at a relatively low cost.<br />
<br />
Other studies with Disney tried their luck with computer-animated films and discovered their weaknesses to the monopoly that was putting animated Disney box office successes. While DreamWorks with "Antz" and "Small Soldiers" paled in comparison with the productions of Disney-Pixar's "Bug" and "Toy Story 2", finally got a big hit numbers with "Shrek" in 2001. "Shrek" was a huge box office success, attracting the public on the production and mastering summer of that year, "Atlantis". Even 20th Century Fox pulled the oil when it conducted a CGI animated film in early 2002 entitled "Ice Age". Not all studies were successful at the box office with computer animation, Paramount with "The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius" released in 2001 they did so well at the box office, but received a nomination from the Academy and later found success with the television series based on the film which was awarded the following year.<br />
<br />
But the real star of the CGI revolution seemed to be Pixar. Even before "Toy Story" The study made a name producing amazing animation shorts (his short "Tin Toy" won an Oscar) and when Disney tried to create a CGI film on its own without Pixar ("Dinosaur") the result was notably disastrous.<br />
<br />
Despite this success, the computer animation continues to rely on characters drawn and stylized. In 2001, living first attempt to create a world completely animated using "human actors" digital "Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within," which found a moderate critical acclaim but did good box office.<br />
<br />
The CGI special effects increased to such an extent that in 2002 science fiction film "Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the Clones" was considered by its director, George Lucas, as the first animated film that used real actors. In fact, the CGI effects have become so common that it is difficult to distinguish computer-animated real life. A growing number of films begin using completely computer created characters interact on screen with real parts, as Jar Binks in "Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace" Gollum in "Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers" and the main character in "Hulk." While computer-generated characters have become acceptable actors, fully animated movies with virtual actors seem to lack a few years.<br />
<br />
Disney seemed ready to lead the decline in hand-drawn animation, despite the box office success of "Lilo & Stitch", the failure of its hyped summer "Treasure Planet" seemed to assure that there would be further reductions in the study of Disney animation. The loss was most damaging to Disney in 2002 when the Oscar for Best Animated Film went to the artist (by hand) by Hayao Miyazaki, "Spirited Away" Disney inflicting a second defeat followed the Academy Awards.<br />
<br />
Disney settled all their desks and Dreamworks Animation also announced it would abandon the traditional drawn animation and focus exclusively on computer-generated productions from 2003 onwards. While frame traditional animation is likely to remain supported by the TV cartoon and TV ads in the near future. The schools of animation history believe that "the era of classic American design," which began with the Walt Disney film "Snow White" is about to end. Others disagree, pointing a moderate success of traditionally animated film "Brother Bear" and the fact that Pixar has announced it will produce traditional animation films in their own attempt to revive this art form.<br />
<br />
In 2004, he premiered the movie "Sky Captain" and "The world of tomorrow." Note that the entire film was shot against a blue screen with the background completely computer generated and all were real actors. Robert Zemeckis film "Polar Express" starring Tom Hanks with five characters is done entirely with CGI animation, but uses motion capture technology to animate the characters.<br />
<br />
In July 2005, Disney announced it would close their studies in Australia in 2006. That study, responsible for video sequels like "The Lion King III" was the last bastion of hand-Disney artists. However in 2006, Pixar creative chief John Lasseter, told Time magazine that could restore traditional animation unit of Disney, saying that "of all studies should be doing 2-D animation, it should be Disney."<br />
<br />
In December 2009, the last great animated film that has gathered huge profits at the box office is "Avatar" from 20th Century Fox, directed by James Cameron, has received high praise for the quality of special effects are really impressive.<br />
<br />
Animation Awards<br />
<br />
The animation has become so widely accepted that at the beginning of the XXI Century (2001), the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences introduced the Oscar for best animated film. The two main rivals for the first year of this award were two CGI films: "Shrek" from DreamWorks and "Monsters Inc." Disney-Pixar. The award was for "Shrek." However, there were complaints that the award seemed to be geared more toward family movies to animated films, "The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius" was the third nominee, not the innovative and critically acclaimed adult film "Waking Life" or visually innovative "Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within." Hayao Miyazaki's critically acclaimed "Spirited Away" won in 2002 and the Disney-Pixar film "Finding Nemo" received the award in 2003.<br />
<br />
The Annie Awards were presented at the Los Angeles branch of the International Animation Society (Association international du film d'animation or ASIFA), known as ASIFA-Hollywood, the month of February competing animation for film and TV.<br />
<br />
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You can find free pets being offered everyday in just about any newspaper and online at websites such as Craig's List. Of course, dogs and cats are the most common animals being offered, but you'll see other types of pets too. In my local paper I've seen dogs, cats, ferrets, goats, rabbits, snakes, parakeets, tropical and marine fish, hamsters, and even horses offered for free to a good home.<br />
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Why would anyone give their pet away? There are tons of reasons. They may be moving out of town and can't take it with them. The pet may have grown too large for them to take care of. They may have a new baby or a new job that takes all of their time. Or they may simply be tired of taking care of a pet.<br />
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You'll sometimes see relatively valuable animals offered for free to a good home -- pure bred dogs and cats, pythons, ferrets, horses, etc. The owners may have tried to sell the animal, but found no takers. And if they're really desperate, they may have to give the animal away for free or turn it in to an animal shelter.<br />
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Before bringing a free pet, or any type of pet home, make sure you're prepared. All animals require a certain amount of time (some more than others) and certain basic supplies.<br />
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Proper food and feeding dishes are a universal need for almost all pets. Dogs and cats will need collars and leashes. Snakes, lizards, and most rodents will need some type of aquarium with a top. And of course a bird will require a cage. Just think and plan out exactly what you'll need and have it set up and ready before bringing your new pet home. Trust me, it's no fun having to scramble around in a panic, rounding up supplies, after you bring a new pet home.<br />
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When going out to look at a potential new pet, be sure that you choose a healthy animal. A healthy animal will have bright and alert eyes. They won't have mucous (dried or wet) around their eyes, nose or ears. And they will have healthy looking fur and/or skin, with no visible sores. Use your common sense and stay away from any animal that looks sick, unless you're prepared to pay potentially large veterinary bills. Where possible, be sure to ask the owner for a health history and any available veterinary records.<br />
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Free pets can be a wonderful thing, if you're prepared to take your time and don't be in a hurry. You might find yourself stuck with someone else's problem.<br />
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The majority of all risks stemming from cat ownership are associated with the cat litter box and/or cat feces. There are two categories of risks. The first category contains health risks posed by bacteria and parasites to both cat owners and their cats. The second category contains injuries resulting from an automatic litter box or self cleaning litter box.<br />
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Primarily the health problems experienced by cat owners or their cats come from the first category and the most significant of these risks is called Toxoplasmosis. Toxoplasmosis is an infection caused by a tiny parasite called Toxoplasma gondii which can be found in raw or undercooked meat, unwashed fruits and vegetables, dirty cat litter boxes and outdoor soil where cat feces can be found. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) more than 60 million people in the United States may be infected with the Toxoplasma parasite(1). Fortunately, very few people ever experience any symptoms because a healthy person's immune system usually keeps the parasite from causing illness. However, pregnant women and individuals who have compromised immune systems, such as individuals infected with the HIV virus, are at risk and should take precautions to avoid being infected by the parasite. For people in this group a Toxoplasma infection could cause serious health problems to the individual or to a pregnant woman’s unborn child.<br />
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Again, most of the 60 million plus American’s infected with Toxoplasmosis parasite will never experience any symptoms. Most of those who do experience symptoms will simply think they have the Flu as the most common symptoms include swollen glands, fever, headache, muscle pain, or a stiff neck. For those in the high risk group, Toxoplasmosis can cause damage to the brain, eyes and internal organs. According to the US Food and Drug Administration, children born with Toxoplasma gondii can suffer from hearing loss, mental retardation, and blindness with some children developing brain or eye problems years after birth(2). The CDC estimates that 400-4000 fetuses are infected with the Toxoplasma gondii parasite each year and as many as 80 infants die from Toxoplasmosis annually(2).<br />
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So how does an individual contract Toxoplasmosis? A Toxoplasmosis infection is caused by ingesting the Toxoplasma gondi parasite. Most cat owners are infected with the parasite by accidentally ingesting infected cat feces. This happens when a person touches their mouth after handling a cat litter box, working in a garden or sand box or touching anything that has come in contact with cat feces(3).<br />
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People in the high risk group may wonder whether or not they should give up their cat to avoid infection. According to the CDC, it is not necessary for cat lovers to give up their cats, but it is important for them to protect themselves from infections. The USFDA makes the following recommendations for avoiding infections(2):<br />
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1) If possible, have someone else change the litter box. If you have to clean it, wear disposable gloves and wash your hands thoroughly with soap and warm water afterwards.<br />
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2) Change the litter box daily. The parasite doesn't become infectious until one to five days after the feces are deposited in the litter box.<br />
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3) Wear gloves when gardening in a garden or handling sand from a sandbox because cats may have excreted feces in them. Be sure to wash your hands with soap and warm water afterwards.<br />
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4) Cover outdoor sandboxes to prevent cats from using them as litter boxes.<br />
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5) Feed your cat commercial dry or canned food. Never feed your cat raw meat because it can be a source of the Toxoplasmosis gondii parasite.<br />
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6) Keep indoor cats indoors. Be especially cautious if you bring outdoor cats indoors.<br />
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7) Avoid stray cats, especially kittens.<br />
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8) Don't get a new cat while you're pregnant.<br />
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Safer Child, Inc. makes the following additional recommendations(4):<br />
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1) Have your veterinarian test your cat for the Toxoplasmosis parasite. If you cat is infected, you may want to consider having someone else keep your cat during your pregnancy.<br />
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2) Keep sandboxes covered to prevent cats from using the sandbox as a litter box.<br />
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3) Be aware of neighborhood sandboxes as the parasite can be brought home on shoes, clothing and toys.<br />
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Similar to Toxoplasmosis, Escherichia coli (commonly called E. coli) can infect humans through contact with feline fecal material, although the primary means of infection is through ingestion or raw or undercooked meats. E. Coli is a bacterium commonly found in the intestinal tract of humans and animals. Almost all strains of the bacteria are harmless. However a few strains can produce powerful toxins and cause severe illness, especially in children under 5 years of age(5). Symptoms usually include diarrhea and abdominal cramps. In children under 5, 2%-7% of E. coli cases can cause kidney failure. Fortunately, E. coli is easy to prevent. Using the preventative measures, outlined above for Toxoplasmosis will greatly reduce the risks of you or your children contracting an E. coli infection.<br />
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In addition to these human risks, there are a few health risks cat litter boxes actually pose to cats that cat owners should be aware of. Just as a dirty litter box poses health risks to humans, cats are equally at risk if forced to use a dirty litter box. Since cats stay clean by licking themselves, allowing a cat’s litter box to get too dirty can cause infections when a cat cleans it’s paws after using the dirty litter box. The most common infection is a urinary tract infection, and although this type of infection is rarely fatal it can be very uncomfortable for your cat and will most likely require treatment by your veterinarian.<br />
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Finally, a lesser-known health risk to cats is actually caused by cat litter itself. What many cat owners do not realize is that some types of cat litter can be harmful or even fatal to their cat. Both clumping and non-clumping litters pose health problems to cats. Clumping cat litters are probably the most popular type of cat litter because of their convenience, hygienic qualities and the fact that clumping litters are required for use in self-cleaning litter boxes. Unfortunately, some clumping litters can be harmful to cats. Clay based clumping litters can contain the mineral sodium bentonite, which can be harmful or fatal to your cat. It is best to avoid using clay based cat litters, especially with kittens. Wheat or corn based clumping litters such as Swheat Scoop, World’s Best Cat Litter and Littermaid cat litter work very well and are non-toxic(6).<br />
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By their very nature, non-clumping litters do not absorb and isolate a cat’s urine or feces like clumping litters do. As a result, it is much harder to keep your cat’s litter box clean when using non-clumping litter. When using non-clumping litter it is important to frequently clean and disinfect the litter box itself to reduce the chance of bacterial buildups that can cause urinary or other infections in your cat.<br />
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The second category of health risks covers injuries caused by an automatic litter box or self cleaning litter box. Occurrences of this type of injury are rare, but they can happen. An automatic or self cleaning litter box does just what it’s name implies. Usually between 10-15 minutes after a cat uses the litter box, the litter box automatically cleans itself by “sweeping” or “raking” the cat waste into a sealed compartment or bag. For cat owners, injuries can occur if a small child or toddler plays with the automatic litter box during the cleaning cycle. All major brands of automatic litter boxes contain sensors to prevent the cleaning mechanism from activating when a cat or other foreign object is inside the box. However, children can still be injured if they put their hand inside the cleaning mechanism in such a manner as to avoid the sensors.<br />
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Although these types of injuries are very rare it is best to take precautions. Placing the litter box in a location where your cat can get to it but small children can’t is an easy method. This is good advice for any litter box as this is the best way to keep children from contracting one of the illnesses described earlier in this article. If you can’t keep the automatic litter box out of a child’s reach then it is best to put the litter box inside a litter box cover. There are many types of covers and all of them will help prevent a child from reaching the litter box and the cleaning mechanism. A final option is to unplug the litter box or put it into a “manual operation” mode. Both of these options will require the cat owner to start the cleaning cycle whenever necessary. Although this reduces some of the convenience of an automatic litter box it certainly removes the danger to children.<br />
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Automatic or self cleaning litter boxes are completely safe for almost all cats. However, most manufacturers recommend that the litter box be used in “manual operation” mode for cats under 5 lbs. Cats under 5 lbs many not be large enough to activate the sensors and the cleaning mechanism could cause injury. Since most adult cats weigh over 5 lbs, it is only necessary to use the “manual operation” mode until kittens grow to 5 lbs.<br />
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This article is not intended to dissuade anyone from owning a cat. 70 Million cat owners can’t be wrong; cats make great pets! So, if you already own a cat or are thinking of becoming a cat owner it simply makes good sense to be aware of the health risks associated with cat ownership. Understanding the risks can definitely increase the enjoyment of cat ownership.<br />
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